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Starting from scratch.

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We started from scratch.

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Back from war.

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Nothing to lose.

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To learn. The foundation
of our future.

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But it was washed

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away from the waters

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we rowers in the college
that wouldn't die.

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From the Oregon ship
to the shore was

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important and we flooded

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the city to serve

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to improve the lives
of our families,

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our community, our
city, our country.

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You are thirsty for

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more knowledge for change,

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opportunities, justice.

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And we don't listen
when they push back,

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stand up to show the world

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how to prove that
make a difference.

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And we will continue to

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learn to fight for what

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we started from scratch.

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Good evening, everyone.

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Hopefully you can hear me.

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Good evening. My name
is Todd Rose's deal.

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I'm the dean
important State's

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College of Liberal
Arts and Sciences.

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And thank you so much

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for joining us tonight at

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our next Tegrity series.

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So we're going to start

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as we always begin at PSU,

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but with the reading

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of a land acknowledgment.

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And I'd like to remind
people that although

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especially if your
other PSU community,

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you've heard this
land acknowledgment

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probably countless times.

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I certainly have over
my years that gets you.

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But I would really

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encourage us all
to sorta here

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this land acknowledgment as

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though you're hearing it

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for the first time.
All right. Thank you.

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It's Portland State
University is

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located in the heart
of downtown Portland,

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Oregon in melanoma County.

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We honor the
indigenous people

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whose traditional
ancestral homelands.

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We stand on melanoma,

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ethylamine, clack,
miss Tom water.

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What Lala bands
of the Chinook,

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the two Alton Kalapuya,

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and many other indigenous

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nations of the
Columbia River.

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It is important to

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acknowledge the
ancestors of this place

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and to recognize
that we are here

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because of the sacrifices
forced upon them.

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In remembering
these communities,

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we honor their legacy,

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their lives, and
their descendants.

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Additionally, I'd
like to leave

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this digital land
acknowledgment

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since our activities are

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shared digitally
to the Internet.

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Let's also take a moment

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to consider the legacy of

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colonization embedded with

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the technologies,
structures,

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and ways of thinking
we use every day,

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we are using equipment and

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high-speed
Internet available

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in many indigenous
communities.

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Even the technologies
that are central

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to much of the art we make,

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leaves significant carbon

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footprints contributing to

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changing climates that
disproportionately

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affect indigenous
peoples worldwide.

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I invite you to join me in

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acknowledging all
of this as well as

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our shared
responsibility to

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make good at this time.

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And for each of
us to consider

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our roles and the reap,

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reconciliation,

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decolonization, and
allyship. Thank you.

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Well, so again, good
evening, everyone.

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As PSU. I'm so happy
you're here tonight.

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As PSU kicks off the
75th anniversary,

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we couldn't think of
a better topic to

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explore in our fourth
tag writ, event series.

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And the topic
of resilience.

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Resilience through
adversity has defined

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us as an institution
from surviving

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and thriving in
the aftermath of

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the ban port flood to

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this past year, COVID-19.

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And as we've adapted to

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quickly face this pandemic.

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So given the topic of

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resilience tonight,
we thought No,

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no better person to

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also invite and
introduce and give

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a few minutes to speak than

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our own president.
Dr. Stephen, pursue?

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Steve, I'd like to
say a few words.

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Good evening,
everyone. Thank you.

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Inviting me tied to
this really important,

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That's I really
loved the tag we're

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at series where you bring

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diverse voices
to demonstrate

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the breadth and depth
to the knowledge,

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research and
exploration going

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on in

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the College of Liberal
Arts and Sciences.

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And tonight's program on

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resilience couldn't
be more timely.

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Who would have guessed
18 months ago?

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We were I think
where we weren't

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than that we would
had been through

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what's almost a year
now coming up on

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a year of challenge,

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trauma, difficulty,

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resilience, coming
together and,

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and keeping things moving.

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So what a wonderful time
to think about that.

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And I love the notion
of resilience,

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which talks about the way

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you describe it
is preparing,

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adapting, and improving
in-depth Adversity.

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My own journey in
this work began in

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2015 when I read

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the now rather
well-known article in

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The New Yorker magazine

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about the big
one That's than

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9 earthquake potential
that was lying off

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our Oregon coast and

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the Cascadia
Subduction Zone.

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And I must remember in my

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job interview that
wasn't mentioned

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very prominently that we

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were that there was
such a thing there,

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but now I learned
that there was.

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And I began to
think at that time,

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how was PSU preparing

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to help our communities,

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our state in our region,

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in this important work.

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And I found that there was

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no emergency management or

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resilience program at

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the graduate
level in Oregon.

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None that was focused
on how you respond

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to a disaster and
income through it.

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And I was fortunate enough

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to work with a
large number of

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faculty from many
different disciplines

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across was in college.

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Many of the folks on here

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tonight than your panel,
what part of that?

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And we just envision
together what

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an innovative program and

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emergency management
look like.

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And when we did that,
we took the notion

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of community
resilience, the heart.

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We're the only program,

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an emergency
manager that has

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the word resilience and

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the title that I can
find in the country.

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And that's because we
want to our program

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here at Portland
State and we

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have just launched
the program.

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Jeremy smooth is it's
heading that up for us.

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But that program focuses

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on the notion of how we

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work together to help

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our communities plan for,

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respond to and come back

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stronger from a major nach,

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a natural or other
kinds of disaster.

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And I'm very
proud of that NFP

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pay attention to the
communities affected.

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The disproportionate
effects that may

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affect effect people in

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terms of their ability

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to respond or to receive

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the benefits or response

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and moving forward
and coming out.

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So I'm certainly
very thrilled that

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some faculty came
together and

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created this new
wonderful program.

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And it is

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such an important
thing to pandemic has

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taught us that how
do we learn from it?

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And we're actually
trying now

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to be resilient in
the light of that.

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Not only did it we do so

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much pivoting to
remote instruction,

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remote services,

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remote support for
students, remote,

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so many things that we
want to think about.

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The next question is,

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what did we
learn from that?

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That we can come out
better and stronger?

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I think we've
learned more about

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the potential of hybrid
learning and learning

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that has both in class

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and online capacity
Adventures of it.

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I think we found
that some services

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may be more effectively

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provided or can reach

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more students if they're
done remotely below.

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So there's a lot of things

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we're trying to
learn about it

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because we're
trying to come

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back and be resilient.

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So I want to join

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Dean Rosen. Still
welcome you tonight.

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I'm so excited
about the panel

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and I look forward to

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hearing their
different perspectives

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and voices of resilience.

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Something is so relevant to

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our community and our
university today.

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Thank you for being here.

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My pleasure to be with you.

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Thank you. Thanks so
much, President Percy.

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Outstanding. Alright.
So as Steve,

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so remind us that
is our city and

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region look to create them

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are really more resilient.

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Just an equitable future

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in our region really
does not need to

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look farther than
the expertise and

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critical resilience
work that

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we have here at
Portland State.

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And as you see denied
our college and

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PSU writ large is home to

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a very large number
of experts with

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very diverse research and

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00:11:22,010 --> 00:11:23,750
perspectives on this topic.

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00:11:23,750 --> 00:11:25,939
So that said, you
know, we created

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00:11:25,939 --> 00:11:27,140
this Taggard series to

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00:11:27,140 --> 00:11:28,579
highlight the
incredible depth,

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breadth of scholarship and

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agency of faculty
and our college.

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And despite the
disruptions of

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00:11:33,049 --> 00:11:34,385
COVID-19 to their work,

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00:11:34,385 --> 00:11:35,240
their research and

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00:11:35,240 --> 00:11:36,575
their scholarship
continues.

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And much like
Steve suggested,

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I would argue too,

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that many ways this
work on resilience is

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needed now more urgently
than ever before.

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So thank you for
joining us tonight

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00:11:45,185 --> 00:11:46,819
and for being part
of a community and

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part of a great city that

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00:11:48,199 --> 00:11:49,249
celebrates and values

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00:11:49,249 --> 00:11:50,870
their own research
and scholarship

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00:11:50,870 --> 00:11:52,370
in creating more equitable,

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00:11:52,370 --> 00:11:53,900
healthy, safe, just,

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00:11:53,900 --> 00:11:56,029
and resilient
future for us all.

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So tonight we have another

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00:11:57,679 --> 00:11:59,284
amazing lineup of speakers.

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And please let me
introduce them to you

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before we play a
little trivia.

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00:12:03,245 --> 00:12:04,160
And yes, we are going to

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00:12:04,160 --> 00:12:05,999
play a little trivia.

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And then we will resume.

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So first step,

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00:12:10,739 --> 00:12:13,929
I would like to introduce
Max Nielsen Pincus.

274
00:12:13,929 --> 00:12:16,449
Max is a Professor and

275
00:12:16,449 --> 00:12:16,989
Chair of

276
00:12:16,989 --> 00:12:18,325
Environmental Science
and Management,

277
00:12:18,325 --> 00:12:18,730
wax,

278
00:12:18,730 --> 00:12:20,650
maxing yellow
wave and how it,

279
00:12:20,650 --> 00:12:22,150
and he's going to
talk to us about

280
00:12:22,150 --> 00:12:24,190
how we can adapt
to Wildflower.

281
00:12:24,190 --> 00:12:26,334
Thank you Max
for joining us.

282
00:12:26,334 --> 00:12:30,609
Next up. Is Fletcher
been doin Fletcher.

283
00:12:30,609 --> 00:12:33,220
Fletcher is our director of

284
00:12:33,220 --> 00:12:35,274
PSU's Institute for
sustainable solution

285
00:12:35,274 --> 00:12:36,580
and we helping us
think through,

286
00:12:36,580 --> 00:12:38,184
is Portland ready
for the big one?

287
00:12:38,184 --> 00:12:40,450
Fletcher, thank you
for joining us.

288
00:12:40,450 --> 00:12:43,585
We also have Dr.
Jeremy spoon,

289
00:12:43,585 --> 00:12:45,775
professor in
anthropology department

290
00:12:45,775 --> 00:12:47,080
and is also the director

291
00:12:47,080 --> 00:12:48,640
of PSU's emergency
management

292
00:12:48,640 --> 00:12:51,350
and community resilience
graduate program.

293
00:12:51,420 --> 00:12:53,324
Jeremy, welcome.

294
00:12:53,324 --> 00:12:54,800
And he'll be talking
to us tonight about

295
00:12:54,800 --> 00:12:56,659
rural and indigenous
disaster recovery

296
00:12:56,659 --> 00:12:59,010
is one size
doesn't fit all.

297
00:12:59,470 --> 00:13:01,790
We also have and are joined

298
00:13:01,790 --> 00:13:03,304
by Jolla antibody.

299
00:13:03,304 --> 00:13:04,985
Jolla, welcome.
Good evening.

300
00:13:04,985 --> 00:13:05,539
Joel as

301
00:13:05,539 --> 00:13:07,594
assistant professor of
geography department.

302
00:13:07,594 --> 00:13:09,500
And who will be
talking to us tonight

303
00:13:09,500 --> 00:13:11,390
about who negotiates
resilience.

304
00:13:11,390 --> 00:13:12,814
And with the question, Am I

305
00:13:12,814 --> 00:13:14,600
on behalf of whom?

306
00:13:14,600 --> 00:13:16,715
Thank you for joining us.

307
00:13:16,715 --> 00:13:18,260
And finally, we're joined

308
00:13:18,260 --> 00:13:20,089
tonight with Barbara tint,

309
00:13:20,089 --> 00:13:21,740
faculty member and conflict

310
00:13:21,740 --> 00:13:22,939
and resolution department.

311
00:13:22,939 --> 00:13:24,574
Thank you, Barbara
for joining us.

312
00:13:24,574 --> 00:13:26,120
And she'll talk to
us tonight about

313
00:13:26,120 --> 00:13:28,879
a funny thing happened
on the way to resigns.

314
00:13:28,879 --> 00:13:32,450
Alright. Outstanding.
So as you can see,

315
00:13:32,450 --> 00:13:32,794
we have

316
00:13:32,794 --> 00:13:35,135
another great lineup
of folks tonight.

317
00:13:35,135 --> 00:13:36,754
And before we get going,

318
00:13:36,754 --> 00:13:38,675
we're going to do a
little bit of trivia.

319
00:13:38,675 --> 00:13:41,104
So as we do in all
Tegrity series,

320
00:13:41,104 --> 00:13:43,129
and I should say the
history of tag rate.

321
00:13:43,129 --> 00:13:44,794
In addition to highlighting

322
00:13:44,794 --> 00:13:46,249
the amazing
faculty who have,

323
00:13:46,249 --> 00:13:48,949
we would often be doing
this pre COVID times.

324
00:13:48,949 --> 00:13:50,180
And once we come
out of COVID,

325
00:13:50,180 --> 00:13:51,650
we will be back
there again in

326
00:13:51,650 --> 00:13:53,449
our amazing Robertson
Life Science building,

327
00:13:53,449 --> 00:13:55,520
which is down on the
south waterfront.

328
00:13:55,520 --> 00:13:56,900
And it's a great
deal of fun.

329
00:13:56,900 --> 00:13:58,190
So I'm hoping in the fall

330
00:13:58,190 --> 00:13:59,555
when we're back
open for fall,

331
00:13:59,555 --> 00:14:01,129
open for all, that.

332
00:14:01,129 --> 00:14:03,500
Next fall event will
be in-person and have

333
00:14:03,500 --> 00:14:04,879
a chance to play
some trivia

334
00:14:04,879 --> 00:14:06,455
and do these
talks in person.

335
00:14:06,455 --> 00:14:09,199
So with that, we are
going to so everyone,

336
00:14:09,199 --> 00:14:10,565
please grab a
piece of paper.

337
00:14:10,565 --> 00:14:11,360
If you have it.

338
00:14:11,360 --> 00:14:13,490
We're going to have
ten trivia questions.

339
00:14:13,490 --> 00:14:16,699
And tonight, as we
do in normal times,

340
00:14:16,699 --> 00:14:18,574
we will also be
giving prizes out.

341
00:14:18,574 --> 00:14:19,700
And in fact, we
will be doing

342
00:14:19,700 --> 00:14:20,690
a random drawing for

343
00:14:20,690 --> 00:14:22,489
everyone participating
tonight.

344
00:14:22,489 --> 00:14:24,169
In the prize to win

345
00:14:24,169 --> 00:14:27,394
a $50 gift certificate
to Third Eye books.

346
00:14:27,394 --> 00:14:29,720
Books as a great
PSU alumni owned

347
00:14:29,720 --> 00:14:30,529
and black women owned

348
00:14:30,529 --> 00:14:32,165
bookstore that's
here in Portland.

349
00:14:32,165 --> 00:14:33,830
So if, if you are in

350
00:14:33,830 --> 00:14:34,639
the lucky recipient of

351
00:14:34,639 --> 00:14:35,644
that get certificate
tonight,

352
00:14:35,644 --> 00:14:37,310
you'll get an email from

353
00:14:37,310 --> 00:14:39,215
us and explaining
how to use it.

354
00:14:39,215 --> 00:14:41,030
All right, so let's

355
00:14:41,030 --> 00:14:42,829
move on with the
trivia show.

356
00:14:42,829 --> 00:14:45,034
So can put up,

357
00:14:45,034 --> 00:14:47,825
so I'm going to put
up 10 questions.

358
00:14:47,825 --> 00:14:49,520
And each question,
I'll go ahead and

359
00:14:49,520 --> 00:14:51,184
we'll give about 30
seconds to answer.

360
00:14:51,184 --> 00:14:51,949
We're actually using

361
00:14:51,949 --> 00:14:53,585
the polling
function tonight.

362
00:14:53,585 --> 00:14:55,340
And for those of you new to

363
00:14:55,340 --> 00:14:56,570
the polling
function in Zoom at

364
00:14:56,570 --> 00:14:58,325
the bottom of
your Zoom window,

365
00:14:58,325 --> 00:15:00,110
there's a little
polling button.

366
00:15:00,110 --> 00:15:01,579
And you can
actually click on

367
00:15:01,579 --> 00:15:02,929
that pulling button and

368
00:15:02,929 --> 00:15:07,230
then select your answer,
true, false, true.

369
00:15:07,540 --> 00:15:10,249
And I'll say as
a good quiz,

370
00:15:10,249 --> 00:15:11,480
we often start easier

371
00:15:11,480 --> 00:15:13,069
and then make things
a little harder.

372
00:15:13,069 --> 00:15:14,750
But oh, people
are changing,

373
00:15:14,750 --> 00:15:17,359
their answers are
going to default,

374
00:15:17,359 --> 00:15:20,369
but don't be swayed.

375
00:15:22,840 --> 00:15:27,035
Give another few
minutes. All right.

376
00:15:27,035 --> 00:15:28,969
So with that,
we'll stop at 45.

377
00:15:28,969 --> 00:15:30,169
Few more seconds.
People are

378
00:15:30,169 --> 00:15:32,884
still voting. Still voting.

379
00:15:32,884 --> 00:15:37,209
Give it a full minute.
So the question

380
00:15:37,209 --> 00:15:38,260
in a non-human world,

381
00:15:38,260 --> 00:15:39,490
wildfires would mostly be

382
00:15:39,490 --> 00:15:41,379
started by
lightning strikes.

383
00:15:41,379 --> 00:15:45,205
Non-human world
restricts when the poll,

384
00:15:45,205 --> 00:15:46,540
all right, well
you can see where

385
00:15:46,540 --> 00:15:47,589
the audience thought about

386
00:15:47,589 --> 00:15:48,610
what's the true answer.

387
00:15:48,610 --> 00:15:50,079
So in this case,
they actually,

388
00:15:50,079 --> 00:15:52,044
the actual answer
is in fact true.

389
00:15:52,044 --> 00:15:53,440
That in a non-human world,

390
00:15:53,440 --> 00:15:54,700
wildfires would mostly be

391
00:15:54,700 --> 00:15:56,125
started by
lightning strikes.

392
00:15:56,125 --> 00:15:58,690
So about 90 percent
of all wildfires in

393
00:15:58,690 --> 00:16:00,160
the United States are
actually started by

394
00:16:00,160 --> 00:16:02,049
humans. Human cause fires.

395
00:16:02,049 --> 00:16:03,070
There's all from campfires

396
00:16:03,070 --> 00:16:04,330
that are left unattended.

397
00:16:04,330 --> 00:16:06,220
The burning of debris,
equipment use,

398
00:16:06,220 --> 00:16:08,200
malfunction,
discarded cigarettes,

399
00:16:08,200 --> 00:16:09,880
and intentional
acts of arson.

400
00:16:09,880 --> 00:16:12,009
Through the end
of July 2020,

401
00:16:12,009 --> 00:16:13,389
90 percent of Oregon

402
00:16:13,389 --> 00:16:15,654
wild players had been
caused by humans.

403
00:16:15,654 --> 00:16:16,929
Now that was a jump from

404
00:16:16,929 --> 00:16:18,730
the yearly average of 70%.

405
00:16:18,730 --> 00:16:20,650
The Oregon Department
of Forestry said

406
00:16:20,650 --> 00:16:22,749
the pandemic may
have been the blame

407
00:16:22,749 --> 00:16:24,009
as more people ventured out

408
00:16:24,009 --> 00:16:25,210
to enjoy nature after

409
00:16:25,210 --> 00:16:27,879
being cooped up for
months. So good job.

410
00:16:27,879 --> 00:16:29,320
All those who
answered true.

411
00:16:29,320 --> 00:16:33,099
Next question.
Question number

412
00:16:33,099 --> 00:16:34,510
2 of our tree it tonight.

413
00:16:34,510 --> 00:16:36,669
How many acres
burned during

414
00:16:36,669 --> 00:16:39,970
Oregon's 2020
wildfire season?

415
00:16:39,970 --> 00:16:42,100
How many acres?

416
00:16:42,100 --> 00:16:44,019
Some big numbers
on the board.

417
00:16:44,019 --> 00:16:47,420
So we can little time.
Please answer this.

418
00:16:54,900 --> 00:17:05,169
How many acres The
polling feature

419
00:17:05,169 --> 00:17:06,549
is one of my favorite
parts of Zoom.

420
00:17:06,549 --> 00:17:07,720
So if you haven't
got to play

421
00:17:07,720 --> 00:17:09,609
with it, I'm glad
we're playing with it.

422
00:17:09,609 --> 00:17:16,479
A few more questions.

423
00:17:16,479 --> 00:17:17,470
We're almost there.

424
00:17:17,470 --> 00:17:20,515
Few more seconds
to vote in.

425
00:17:20,515 --> 00:17:30,370
How many acres
will end now?

426
00:17:30,370 --> 00:17:32,410
All right, Wow,
look at this.

427
00:17:32,410 --> 00:17:34,225
I think we have some
experts in the audience.

428
00:17:34,225 --> 00:17:35,409
So the correct
answer of how

429
00:17:35,409 --> 00:17:36,819
many acres burned
during organs

430
00:17:36,819 --> 00:17:40,719
2020 wildfire season is
in fact 1.079 acres.

431
00:17:40,719 --> 00:17:42,400
44 percent of you
got this right.

432
00:17:42,400 --> 00:17:43,480
So we clearly have

433
00:17:43,480 --> 00:17:45,150
an audience of experts,
which is great.

434
00:17:45,150 --> 00:17:46,970
So the week of
September 7th,

435
00:17:46,970 --> 00:17:49,909
2020 that many of you
will remember was,

436
00:17:49,909 --> 00:17:51,229
was full of
extreme winds and

437
00:17:51,229 --> 00:17:52,969
high temperatures
and it energized

438
00:17:52,969 --> 00:17:55,055
more than 40
large wildfires

439
00:17:55,055 --> 00:17:56,510
that burn nearly 1.07

440
00:17:56,510 --> 00:17:58,100
million acres
across the org

441
00:17:58,100 --> 00:17:59,239
it now this is

442
00:17:59,239 --> 00:18:01,144
only the second
most on record.

443
00:18:01,144 --> 00:18:02,884
The cost of fire, of

444
00:18:02,884 --> 00:18:03,950
the cost to fight those

445
00:18:03,950 --> 00:18:05,194
fires was extremely high.

446
00:18:05,194 --> 00:18:07,325
$354 million.

447
00:18:07,325 --> 00:18:08,824
Local authorities issued of

448
00:18:08,824 --> 00:18:10,790
evacuation orders
across the state,

449
00:18:10,790 --> 00:18:12,499
spanning multiple
regions, including

450
00:18:12,499 --> 00:18:13,099
clack myths in

451
00:18:13,099 --> 00:18:14,614
Washington County
snare appointment.

452
00:18:14,614 --> 00:18:16,760
It was in 2012 that

453
00:18:16,760 --> 00:18:19,039
nearly 1.3 million
acres burned.

454
00:18:19,039 --> 00:18:20,089
And Oregon, that was the

455
00:18:20,089 --> 00:18:21,364
most in state history.

456
00:18:21,364 --> 00:18:22,789
But the large
number was filled

457
00:18:22,789 --> 00:18:24,200
by giant grass fires

458
00:18:24,200 --> 00:18:25,610
that were also
in remote parts

459
00:18:25,610 --> 00:18:27,604
of the state
where two people.

460
00:18:27,604 --> 00:18:30,390
All right. Next question.

461
00:18:34,300 --> 00:18:36,604
All right. Next up.

462
00:18:36,604 --> 00:18:38,690
Which part of the
city coordinates

463
00:18:38,690 --> 00:18:42,480
the writing of the
natural hazards plan?

464
00:18:49,420 --> 00:18:54,109
Which part of
the city bureau

465
00:18:54,109 --> 00:18:55,490
planning and
sustainability,

466
00:18:55,490 --> 00:18:57,095
Bureau of Emergency
Management,

467
00:18:57,095 --> 00:18:58,910
bureau of environmental
services,

468
00:18:58,910 --> 00:19:00,959
or the mayor's office.

469
00:19:08,170 --> 00:19:10,219
Also good poll question.

470
00:19:10,219 --> 00:19:11,180
If all of you know what

471
00:19:11,180 --> 00:19:13,290
the Bureau's actually do.

472
00:19:13,600 --> 00:19:16,609
Which part of the city to

473
00:19:16,609 --> 00:19:20,040
more seconds, almost
finished voting.

474
00:19:21,370 --> 00:19:23,570
And I should say
we have many, many

475
00:19:23,570 --> 00:19:25,309
people watching us
on Facebook Live.

476
00:19:25,309 --> 00:19:26,629
So unfortunately,
Facebook live,

477
00:19:26,629 --> 00:19:28,009
they don't get to
proceed in Nepal,

478
00:19:28,009 --> 00:19:32,150
but hopefully you're
still alright.

479
00:19:32,150 --> 00:19:36,140
And the question
now, and the answer,

480
00:19:36,140 --> 00:19:37,579
well, the top of course,

481
00:19:37,579 --> 00:19:38,929
my response is in fact

482
00:19:38,929 --> 00:19:40,550
the Bureau of
Emergency Management.

483
00:19:40,550 --> 00:19:41,795
Again, we clearly have

484
00:19:41,795 --> 00:19:43,085
an audience of experts.

485
00:19:43,085 --> 00:19:44,180
It is the Portland Bureau

486
00:19:44,180 --> 00:19:45,709
of Emergency Management

487
00:19:45,709 --> 00:19:48,245
that provides the
mitigation action plan,

488
00:19:48,245 --> 00:19:49,910
which is also known as

489
00:19:49,910 --> 00:19:52,190
the natural hazards
mitigation action plan,

490
00:19:52,190 --> 00:19:54,394
which details how
hazardous events,

491
00:19:54,394 --> 00:19:55,925
such as severe weather,

492
00:19:55,925 --> 00:19:57,709
earthquakes, landslides,

493
00:19:57,709 --> 00:20:00,335
wildfires, and floods
might affect RC.

494
00:20:00,335 --> 00:20:01,880
It lists the way
City offices

495
00:20:01,880 --> 00:20:03,380
plan to reduce
those impacts.

496
00:20:03,380 --> 00:20:03,980
And you'll be hearing

497
00:20:03,980 --> 00:20:04,969
more about that tonight.

498
00:20:04,969 --> 00:20:08,939
And one of our speakers
talks. Next question.

499
00:20:09,340 --> 00:20:12,289
Question four. Just warming

500
00:20:12,289 --> 00:20:14,030
up. It's a good question.

501
00:20:14,030 --> 00:20:15,590
Has the Willamette River

502
00:20:15,590 --> 00:20:18,510
flooded into
downtown Portland?

503
00:20:19,690 --> 00:20:22,770
Gotta 5050 shot?

504
00:20:27,670 --> 00:20:31,319
Sometimes the obvious
isn't always true.

505
00:20:40,030 --> 00:20:44,555
Well, it looks like
we're well on this one,

506
00:20:44,555 --> 00:20:46,070
since it looks
like it's stable.

507
00:20:46,070 --> 00:20:48,539
Another five seconds.

508
00:20:52,600 --> 00:20:57,079
All right. Hi, overwhelming
response of true.

509
00:20:57,079 --> 00:20:59,510
Very good. Another
audience of experts.

510
00:20:59,510 --> 00:21:01,354
In fact, answer is true.

511
00:21:01,354 --> 00:21:02,779
It was June 7th,

512
00:21:02,779 --> 00:21:06,830
890 for it was the
great flood of 1894,

513
00:21:06,830 --> 00:21:08,629
which is where the
Willamette River reached

514
00:21:08,629 --> 00:21:11,945
a high watermark
of 33.5 feet,

515
00:21:11,945 --> 00:21:14,689
covering to 150
square blocks

516
00:21:14,689 --> 00:21:16,580
and knocking out
public utilities,

517
00:21:16,580 --> 00:21:18,275
warehouses and docks

518
00:21:18,275 --> 00:21:20,239
downtown Portland to job

519
00:21:20,239 --> 00:21:21,604
bridges were struck open,

520
00:21:21,604 --> 00:21:23,540
stuck open, limiting
travel from

521
00:21:23,540 --> 00:21:24,560
the east and west sections

522
00:21:24,560 --> 00:21:25,895
of the city, right?

523
00:21:25,895 --> 00:21:27,409
Business is sold
merchandise to

524
00:21:27,409 --> 00:21:29,675
my favorite part business
is sold merchandise

525
00:21:29,675 --> 00:21:31,699
from their second
floor windows are

526
00:21:31,699 --> 00:21:34,355
operated from bugs
floating in city streets.

527
00:21:34,355 --> 00:21:37,099
In 1996, again,

528
00:21:37,099 --> 00:21:38,299
experienced a
major flooding

529
00:21:38,299 --> 00:21:39,725
when the Pineapple Express,

530
00:21:39,725 --> 00:21:41,570
a narrow region of
atmospheric moisture

531
00:21:41,570 --> 00:21:43,489
that builds up over
the tropical Pacific,

532
00:21:43,489 --> 00:21:45,409
brought heavy rain
and melting snow.

533
00:21:45,409 --> 00:21:47,060
Downtown Portland
was saved by

534
00:21:47,060 --> 00:21:49,055
an army of volunteers.
Who is she?

535
00:21:49,055 --> 00:21:50,690
Plastic and sand bags under

536
00:21:50,690 --> 00:21:51,349
the supervision of

537
00:21:51,349 --> 00:21:52,744
the Army Corps of Engineers

538
00:21:52,744 --> 00:21:55,459
to erect bureaus wall after

539
00:21:55,459 --> 00:21:56,989
the river creeped
over the harbor wall

540
00:21:56,989 --> 00:21:58,235
and along the waterfront.

541
00:21:58,235 --> 00:21:59,419
So good job for

542
00:21:59,419 --> 00:22:00,799
those of, you know,
Portland's history.

543
00:22:00,799 --> 00:22:04,565
Next question. Question 5.

544
00:22:04,565 --> 00:22:07,594
What catastrophic
disaster occurred

545
00:22:07,594 --> 00:22:11,254
earlier this month in
the Indian Himalayas?

546
00:22:11,254 --> 00:22:14,344
It's an earthquake.
Was it a landslide?

547
00:22:14,344 --> 00:22:15,649
Was an avalanche.

548
00:22:15,649 --> 00:22:18,329
Was it a glacial
lake, outburst flood?

549
00:22:19,110 --> 00:22:21,550
It's a little
harder than true,

550
00:22:21,550 --> 00:22:21,879
false

551
00:22:21,879 --> 00:22:22,389
questions

552
00:22:22,389 --> 00:22:32,260
here go

553
00:22:32,260 --> 00:22:34,120
which catastrophic will end

554
00:22:34,120 --> 00:22:35,199
us in a few seconds.

555
00:22:35,199 --> 00:22:37,179
So please get your
voting in earthquake,

556
00:22:37,179 --> 00:22:42,439
landslide, glacial
lake, outburst, flood.

557
00:22:43,680 --> 00:22:46,705
All right, 5, 4,

558
00:22:46,705 --> 00:22:50,574
3, 2, 1. All right.

559
00:22:50,574 --> 00:22:52,225
Now at the
polling is again,

560
00:22:52,225 --> 00:22:53,574
glacial lake outburst flood

561
00:22:53,574 --> 00:22:54,970
is the correct answer.

562
00:22:54,970 --> 00:22:57,129
The flood a suspected
had been triggered

563
00:22:57,129 --> 00:22:58,449
by what is known
as the glacial

564
00:22:58,449 --> 00:22:59,559
lake outburst in India,

565
00:22:59,559 --> 00:23:02,830
second highest mountain
peak, NANDA daddy.

566
00:23:02,830 --> 00:23:05,304
That's sent of water
of wall all sorry,

567
00:23:05,304 --> 00:23:06,879
a wall of water gushing

568
00:23:06,879 --> 00:23:09,070
downstream with
incredibly severe force.

569
00:23:09,070 --> 00:23:11,260
At least 58 people are
confirmed to have been

570
00:23:11,260 --> 00:23:12,400
killed and more than

571
00:23:12,400 --> 00:23:14,394
150 are currently missing.

572
00:23:14,394 --> 00:23:17,259
We'll hear more
about disasters that

573
00:23:17,259 --> 00:23:18,759
strike and this
part of the world

574
00:23:18,759 --> 00:23:20,889
by one of our
speakers tonight.

575
00:23:20,889 --> 00:23:24,409
Next up is question 6.

576
00:23:24,600 --> 00:23:29,200
Oooh, what is the most
common natural hazard?

577
00:23:29,200 --> 00:23:32,394
With the most common
natural hazards?

578
00:23:32,394 --> 00:23:38,629
Earthquakes, wildfires,
floods, storms.

579
00:23:46,960 --> 00:23:50,840
You know, what is

580
00:23:50,840 --> 00:23:52,039
the most common natural

581
00:23:52,039 --> 00:23:53,450
has to be earthquakes,

582
00:23:53,450 --> 00:23:56,760
wildfires, floods,
or storms.

583
00:23:57,400 --> 00:24:00,859
Okay, a few more seconds.

584
00:24:00,859 --> 00:24:07,399
But I grew up in a
land of tornadoes.

585
00:24:07,399 --> 00:24:09,199
So to me, seems
pretty high.

586
00:24:09,199 --> 00:24:13,140
That picture that's the
most common, perhaps.

587
00:24:13,660 --> 00:24:16,369
All right, we'll
end the poll.

588
00:24:16,369 --> 00:24:19,430
Right? Well, the winner
here with storms,

589
00:24:19,430 --> 00:24:22,145
in fact, the correct
answer is floods.

590
00:24:22,145 --> 00:24:23,120
That would be C.

591
00:24:23,120 --> 00:24:24,409
Floods is the
correct answer.

592
00:24:24,409 --> 00:24:27,095
So congratulations,
those floods.

593
00:24:27,095 --> 00:24:28,489
Flooding is in
fact the most

594
00:24:28,489 --> 00:24:30,485
common environmental
hazard worldwide.

595
00:24:30,485 --> 00:24:31,249
This is due to

596
00:24:31,249 --> 00:24:33,050
the vast geographical
distribution

597
00:24:33,050 --> 00:24:34,190
of river floodplains

598
00:24:34,190 --> 00:24:35,645
and low-lying
coastal areas.

599
00:24:35,645 --> 00:24:37,909
However, it's possible
flooding to occur in

600
00:24:37,909 --> 00:24:39,589
areas with unusually long

601
00:24:39,589 --> 00:24:40,850
periods of heavy rainfall.

602
00:24:40,850 --> 00:24:43,219
So in the US, floods
kill more people

603
00:24:43,219 --> 00:24:44,644
each year than tornadoes,

604
00:24:44,644 --> 00:24:46,204
hurricanes or lightning.

605
00:24:46,204 --> 00:24:49,145
In 2019 alone,
there were 93 for

606
00:24:49,145 --> 00:24:51,980
fatalities reported
from flash floods

607
00:24:51,980 --> 00:24:53,510
and river floods in the US.

608
00:24:53,510 --> 00:24:56,015
In 2020 there
were 57 deaths,

609
00:24:56,015 --> 00:24:57,425
and in 2021 there's

610
00:24:57,425 --> 00:24:59,104
already been one
deaths reported in

611
00:24:59,104 --> 00:25:00,605
Oregon to floods are

612
00:25:00,605 --> 00:25:02,479
in fact the most
common class.

613
00:25:02,479 --> 00:25:11,000
Next question.
What disasters

614
00:25:11,000 --> 00:25:14,039
caused the most fatalities?

615
00:25:14,470 --> 00:25:17,795
What disasters caused
the most fatalities?

616
00:25:17,795 --> 00:25:20,209
Earthquakes, storms,

617
00:25:20,209 --> 00:25:23,220
extreme temperatures
for flights.

618
00:25:33,880 --> 00:25:37,290
Disasters. Me.

619
00:25:41,080 --> 00:25:45,514
Give you another
few seconds.

620
00:25:45,514 --> 00:25:51,469
5, 4, 321.

621
00:25:51,469 --> 00:25:55,009
All right. Who? Well,
the audience paul,

622
00:25:55,009 --> 00:25:56,450
is extreme temperatures.

623
00:25:56,450 --> 00:25:59,569
The correct answer is
in fact, earthquakes.

624
00:25:59,569 --> 00:26:01,849
So 35 percent and you
scored correctly.

625
00:26:01,849 --> 00:26:03,440
Congratulations,
earthquakes

626
00:26:03,440 --> 00:26:04,730
is the where it turns

627
00:26:04,730 --> 00:26:06,080
out the most
deadly earthquake

628
00:26:06,080 --> 00:26:07,819
in history was Shanghai,

629
00:26:07,819 --> 00:26:10,805
China, which was
back in 1556.

630
00:26:10,805 --> 00:26:12,379
It's estimated
to have killed

631
00:26:12,379 --> 00:26:15,425
nearly 830 thousand people.

632
00:26:15,425 --> 00:26:17,150
This is more
than twice that

633
00:26:17,150 --> 00:26:18,695
of the second most fatal,

634
00:26:18,695 --> 00:26:19,400
the recent

635
00:26:19,400 --> 00:26:21,170
Port-au-Prince
earthquake in Haiti,

636
00:26:21,170 --> 00:26:22,925
which was just
back in 2010.

637
00:26:22,925 --> 00:26:26,360
It's reported that
316 thousand people

638
00:26:26,360 --> 00:26:27,560
died in that earthquake

639
00:26:27,560 --> 00:26:29,734
as a result earthquakes.

640
00:26:29,734 --> 00:26:33,629
Next question, Number
eight. Almost over.

641
00:26:33,700 --> 00:26:37,205
Question 7. Sorry,
Question 8. All right.

642
00:26:37,205 --> 00:26:39,049
According to UN
according to

643
00:26:39,049 --> 00:26:40,730
the UN Office of disaster

644
00:26:40,730 --> 00:26:43,100
risk reduction 2020 report,

645
00:26:43,100 --> 00:26:45,349
the number of
people affected by

646
00:26:45,349 --> 00:26:48,214
disasters between
2010 and 2019.

647
00:26:48,214 --> 00:26:51,214
It's how many people

648
00:26:51,214 --> 00:26:55,199
were impacted by disasters.

649
00:26:56,650 --> 00:26:59,089
Again, some big
numbers on the board,

650
00:26:59,089 --> 00:27:05,550
3.254.31.22.5 billion.

651
00:27:14,970 --> 00:27:18,949
Few minutes to
answer. Few seconds.

652
00:27:22,200 --> 00:27:27,805
5, 4, 3, 2, 1.

653
00:27:27,805 --> 00:27:30,715
All right, and from
audience Pauling,

654
00:27:30,715 --> 00:27:32,199
who looks like the
majority of the audience

655
00:27:32,199 --> 00:27:33,714
chose 2.5 billion.

656
00:27:33,714 --> 00:27:37,494
The correct answer is
in fact, 4.03 billion.

657
00:27:37,494 --> 00:27:40,449
Letter B, 27 percent
got the correct answer.

658
00:27:40,449 --> 00:27:42,069
Congratulations. Now I will

659
00:27:42,069 --> 00:27:43,330
say these numbers represent

660
00:27:43,330 --> 00:27:45,279
a sharp increase
in the number of

661
00:27:45,279 --> 00:27:46,929
recorded disaster events by

662
00:27:46,929 --> 00:27:49,014
comparison with the
previous 20 years,

663
00:27:49,014 --> 00:27:52,239
between 1980 and 999,

664
00:27:52,239 --> 00:27:55,979
disasters affected about
3.25 billion people.

665
00:27:55,979 --> 00:27:58,280
While better recording
and reporting may

666
00:27:58,280 --> 00:27:59,479
partly explain some of

667
00:27:59,479 --> 00:28:00,964
these increases
in the events.

668
00:28:00,964 --> 00:28:03,455
Much of it is due to
a significant rise

669
00:28:03,455 --> 00:28:05,795
in the number of
climate-related disasters.

670
00:28:05,795 --> 00:28:07,954
Or at least that's what
the report content.

671
00:28:07,954 --> 00:28:10,745
So 4.3 billion effective.

672
00:28:10,745 --> 00:28:13,714
Amazing. Question nine.

673
00:28:13,714 --> 00:28:16,820
The penultimate
question, only two left.

674
00:28:16,820 --> 00:28:18,439
All right, Number 9.

675
00:28:18,439 --> 00:28:21,545
Globally, about
110 million people

676
00:28:21,545 --> 00:28:23,840
have contracted COVID-19.

677
00:28:23,840 --> 00:28:26,910
How many people have
recovered to date?

678
00:28:30,400 --> 00:28:33,845
10.580 million,

679
00:28:33,845 --> 00:28:37,469
62 million. Forty
three million.

680
00:28:50,490 --> 00:28:53,660
Do a few more seconds.

681
00:28:56,880 --> 00:29:03,910
54321, and pull.

682
00:29:03,910 --> 00:29:06,280
While clearly the audience
thinks 80 million,

683
00:29:06,280 --> 00:29:08,949
the correct answer is
in fact 60 to nine.

684
00:29:08,949 --> 00:29:10,269
So we add this
question and to

685
00:29:10,269 --> 00:29:11,290
remind us just where we

686
00:29:11,290 --> 00:29:12,549
are in this global pandemic

687
00:29:12,549 --> 00:29:13,840
and the fact that
it's having on,

688
00:29:13,840 --> 00:29:15,130
on humans worldwide,

689
00:29:15,130 --> 00:29:17,020
so sick Only 62 million so

690
00:29:17,020 --> 00:29:19,329
far have recovered over
110 million people

691
00:29:19,329 --> 00:29:20,919
who have contracted COVID.

692
00:29:20,919 --> 00:29:24,079
Our final question,
number ten.

693
00:29:27,580 --> 00:29:30,379
Which of the
following skills

694
00:29:30,379 --> 00:29:33,499
is critical for
disaster response?

695
00:29:33,499 --> 00:29:36,920
Flexibility, ability
to think quickly,

696
00:29:36,920 --> 00:29:38,135
heightened awareness,

697
00:29:38,135 --> 00:29:40,829
collaboration,
all of the above.

698
00:29:51,220 --> 00:29:53,704
20 more seconds. All right,

699
00:29:53,704 --> 00:29:55,460
five, looks

700
00:29:55,460 --> 00:29:58,290
like we're converging
on consensus.

701
00:29:59,440 --> 00:30:02,704
Alright. Well
done everyone.

702
00:30:02,704 --> 00:30:04,205
And perhaps that's
because we also

703
00:30:04,205 --> 00:30:06,559
got through the snow
pockets together.

704
00:30:06,559 --> 00:30:07,639
The correct answer is,

705
00:30:07,639 --> 00:30:08,674
in fact, all of the above.

706
00:30:08,674 --> 00:30:11,119
All of these will be
critical to effective,

707
00:30:11,119 --> 00:30:13,280
to be effective in a
disaster response.

708
00:30:13,280 --> 00:30:14,120
And we'll hear more about

709
00:30:14,120 --> 00:30:15,289
all of these later tonight.

710
00:30:15,289 --> 00:30:17,224
But it turns out
even and provenance,

711
00:30:17,224 --> 00:30:20,210
provenance
improvisation can help

712
00:30:20,210 --> 00:30:20,899
us develop some of

713
00:30:20,899 --> 00:30:22,565
these skills and
competencies as well.

714
00:30:22,565 --> 00:30:23,960
All right, Well, thank

715
00:30:23,960 --> 00:30:25,295
you all for playing trivia.

716
00:30:25,295 --> 00:30:26,240
That will hopefully some

717
00:30:26,240 --> 00:30:27,515
hope you learned
some things.

718
00:30:27,515 --> 00:30:28,849
The intent of us
to play trivia

719
00:30:28,849 --> 00:30:30,349
is to make sure that it

720
00:30:30,349 --> 00:30:31,610
kinda primes your brain for

721
00:30:31,610 --> 00:30:32,479
tonight's speakers

722
00:30:32,479 --> 00:30:33,649
and we really
appreciate it.

723
00:30:33,649 --> 00:30:35,959
Again, one of you will
be a lucky winner,

724
00:30:35,959 --> 00:30:38,754
the $50 gift certificate
from Thursday book.

725
00:30:38,754 --> 00:30:40,609
So please pay attention
to whatever e-mail

726
00:30:40,609 --> 00:30:42,589
you use to sign up
for this event.

727
00:30:42,589 --> 00:30:43,970
If you are lucky
winner will

728
00:30:43,970 --> 00:30:45,784
send that notification
to you, the e-mail.

729
00:30:45,784 --> 00:30:47,330
All right. Again, thank

730
00:30:47,330 --> 00:30:48,874
you for playing. Hope
you learned something.

731
00:30:48,874 --> 00:30:51,304
With that, we'd like
to start to show.

732
00:30:51,304 --> 00:30:52,309
And I'd like to welcome

733
00:30:52,309 --> 00:30:54,019
our first speaker
of the night,

734
00:30:54,019 --> 00:30:57,120
Max Nielsen Pincus
to the stage.

735
00:31:08,140 --> 00:31:10,820
So the most common
way we think about

736
00:31:10,820 --> 00:31:13,295
resilience is the
ability to bounce back.

737
00:31:13,295 --> 00:31:15,020
However, resilience
can also be

738
00:31:15,020 --> 00:31:17,675
a process of
overcoming systems.

739
00:31:17,675 --> 00:31:20,825
Systems we'd rather
dismantle or adapt.

740
00:31:20,825 --> 00:31:22,474
To explore these ideas,

741
00:31:22,474 --> 00:31:23,630
I want you to join me on

742
00:31:23,630 --> 00:31:25,430
a drive through a
couple of organs,

743
00:31:25,430 --> 00:31:26,930
fire prone communities and

744
00:31:26,930 --> 00:31:28,910
other examples as a means

745
00:31:28,910 --> 00:31:30,305
towards answering
the question,

746
00:31:30,305 --> 00:31:32,390
how do we adapt
to wildfire?

747
00:31:32,390 --> 00:31:33,695
For a moment?

748
00:31:33,695 --> 00:31:35,825
Imagine leaving
this virtual space.

749
00:31:35,825 --> 00:31:37,550
Drive on Interstate
5 towards

750
00:31:37,550 --> 00:31:38,960
the state capital and

751
00:31:38,960 --> 00:31:40,954
Eastern Oregon
highway 20 to,

752
00:31:40,954 --> 00:31:43,070
as you drive towards
the stadium Kenyon,

753
00:31:43,070 --> 00:31:44,285
you'll pass through fertile

754
00:31:44,285 --> 00:31:46,699
agricultural land
and farm communities

755
00:31:46,699 --> 00:31:49,190
on your way and foothills
of the Cascades,

756
00:31:49,190 --> 00:31:52,280
leaving one world and
entering another.

757
00:31:52,280 --> 00:31:54,410
Like many communities,
the sand am

758
00:31:54,410 --> 00:31:56,810
Canyon sits at the
interface between organs,

759
00:31:56,810 --> 00:31:58,429
urban and power centers.

760
00:31:58,429 --> 00:32:01,069
And it's rural communities
sandwiched between

761
00:32:01,069 --> 00:32:04,715
Oregon's past and its
forests and wild lands.

762
00:32:04,715 --> 00:32:07,024
We pass the communities
of the canyon,

763
00:32:07,024 --> 00:32:09,454
some characterized by
vacant storefronts

764
00:32:09,454 --> 00:32:12,245
and hope that
hangs by a thread.

765
00:32:12,245 --> 00:32:13,879
And that was before
the pandemic

766
00:32:13,879 --> 00:32:15,724
and the summers wildfires.

767
00:32:15,724 --> 00:32:18,080
And although vibrant
and natural resources

768
00:32:18,080 --> 00:32:19,864
and environmental
amenities,

769
00:32:19,864 --> 00:32:21,229
the Sania can and in

770
00:32:21,229 --> 00:32:23,480
many other rural
forested communities,

771
00:32:23,480 --> 00:32:26,150
is characterized by
marginalization of

772
00:32:26,150 --> 00:32:28,040
economic and social
trajectories

773
00:32:28,040 --> 00:32:30,680
that modern America
has overlooked.

774
00:32:30,680 --> 00:32:33,289
Over 40% of the population

775
00:32:33,289 --> 00:32:34,835
of the stand am
Canyon is either

776
00:32:34,835 --> 00:32:36,559
under the age of 18 or over

777
00:32:36,559 --> 00:32:39,440
6516 live in poverty,

778
00:32:39,440 --> 00:32:40,910
and just over 10 percent

779
00:32:40,910 --> 00:32:41,959
have a bachelor's degree.

780
00:32:41,959 --> 00:32:43,430
1 third the rate of

781
00:32:43,430 --> 00:32:44,749
higher educational
attainment

782
00:32:44,749 --> 00:32:45,814
across the state.

783
00:32:45,814 --> 00:32:47,750
The fertility
rate is higher,

784
00:32:47,750 --> 00:32:49,730
and mobile homes
are twice as common

785
00:32:49,730 --> 00:32:52,190
as you'll find it elsewhere
in Marion County.

786
00:32:52,190 --> 00:32:53,719
Keep driving up Highway

787
00:32:53,719 --> 00:32:54,980
22 today and you'll see

788
00:32:54,980 --> 00:32:56,090
Douglas fir and Hemlock

789
00:32:56,090 --> 00:32:57,770
Forests and snow black.

790
00:32:57,770 --> 00:32:59,105
And if by wildfire,

791
00:32:59,105 --> 00:33:00,919
the foundations
and chimneys of

792
00:33:00,919 --> 00:33:03,305
one home or business
next to another,

793
00:33:03,305 --> 00:33:05,629
that next clip inexplicably

794
00:33:05,629 --> 00:33:09,110
escaped the BCCI Creek
and lion's head fires.

795
00:33:09,110 --> 00:33:11,120
Asked the towns
of Mill City,

796
00:33:11,120 --> 00:33:13,055
gates, Detroit, and I Dana,

797
00:33:13,055 --> 00:33:14,779
a landscape
transformed the likes

798
00:33:14,779 --> 00:33:16,445
of which we haven't
seen in Oregon

799
00:33:16,445 --> 00:33:18,530
since the Coast Range
burned and the telework

800
00:33:18,530 --> 00:33:21,064
fires in the 1930s
through fifties.

801
00:33:21,064 --> 00:33:23,420
How do we rebuild
after fire?

802
00:33:23,420 --> 00:33:24,649
And how do we replace

803
00:33:24,649 --> 00:33:25,909
the sticky resilience of

804
00:33:25,909 --> 00:33:27,065
marginalization with

805
00:33:27,065 --> 00:33:30,119
opportunity and adaptation?

806
00:33:30,310 --> 00:33:32,480
For a second story,

807
00:33:32,480 --> 00:33:34,055
I want to continue
our drive towards

808
00:33:34,055 --> 00:33:35,870
s0 I'm Canyon will leave

809
00:33:35,870 --> 00:33:37,130
the aftermath and pass

810
00:33:37,130 --> 00:33:38,419
the now familiar perimeter

811
00:33:38,419 --> 00:33:39,650
of the BnB and other

812
00:33:39,650 --> 00:33:42,230
fires change that is
now normalized into

813
00:33:42,230 --> 00:33:43,579
the recovery of
the landscape

814
00:33:43,579 --> 00:33:45,230
and our collective psyche.

815
00:33:45,230 --> 00:33:47,149
Drive past the
open forests and

816
00:33:47,149 --> 00:33:48,770
yellow bellied
ponderosa pines near

817
00:33:48,770 --> 00:33:50,134
Black Butte ranch
and towards

818
00:33:50,134 --> 00:33:51,364
OB reboot and Ben.

819
00:33:51,364 --> 00:33:52,699
And here you'll
find the newly

820
00:33:52,699 --> 00:33:54,649
developed community
of the tree farm.

821
00:33:54,649 --> 00:33:57,109
Homes clustered around
acres of forest and

822
00:33:57,109 --> 00:33:58,670
open space built from

823
00:33:58,670 --> 00:34:01,084
the ground up as a
fire wise community.

824
00:34:01,084 --> 00:34:03,605
And here we have
a second story,

825
00:34:03,605 --> 00:34:05,915
a story about preparing
for wildfire.

826
00:34:05,915 --> 00:34:07,279
A fire wise community,

827
00:34:07,279 --> 00:34:08,899
meaning that fire
risk reduction

828
00:34:08,899 --> 00:34:10,039
is incorporated into

829
00:34:10,039 --> 00:34:11,150
every aspect of

830
00:34:11,150 --> 00:34:13,085
the community from
risk assessment.

831
00:34:13,085 --> 00:34:14,720
Coordination with local a,

832
00:34:14,720 --> 00:34:18,319
local agencies to
architectural standards and

833
00:34:18,319 --> 00:34:21,230
educational programming
for residents with

834
00:34:21,230 --> 00:34:22,699
home site buyers
and neighbors

835
00:34:22,699 --> 00:34:24,560
watching managers
from federal,

836
00:34:24,560 --> 00:34:26,239
state, and local agencies

837
00:34:26,239 --> 00:34:28,279
coordinated to
burn the property,

838
00:34:28,279 --> 00:34:30,409
a prescribed
fire intended to

839
00:34:30,409 --> 00:34:33,155
reduce wildfire risk
to the future homes.

840
00:34:33,155 --> 00:34:34,894
And despite the fresh char

841
00:34:34,894 --> 00:34:36,319
within a few months
of the burn,

842
00:34:36,319 --> 00:34:38,614
nearly all the
homes were sold.

843
00:34:38,614 --> 00:34:41,060
So these two
stories illustrate,

844
00:34:41,060 --> 00:34:43,070
we can see examples
where adaptation to

845
00:34:43,070 --> 00:34:45,739
wildfire is needed and
where it's happening.

846
00:34:45,739 --> 00:34:47,540
But the reality is,

847
00:34:47,540 --> 00:34:48,889
is that the two
stories diverge

848
00:34:48,889 --> 00:34:50,644
and more ways than
that come together.

849
00:34:50,644 --> 00:34:53,209
Different forests,
different people,

850
00:34:53,209 --> 00:34:54,889
different risks
and resources

851
00:34:54,889 --> 00:34:56,315
and places that necessitate

852
00:34:56,315 --> 00:34:58,700
different pathways
to building and

853
00:34:58,700 --> 00:35:01,595
rebuilding communities
resilient to wildfire.

854
00:35:01,595 --> 00:35:03,230
While the pathways of local

855
00:35:03,230 --> 00:35:04,459
decision-making maybe as

856
00:35:04,459 --> 00:35:06,154
different as our
communities,

857
00:35:06,154 --> 00:35:08,510
the questions we have
to ask ourselves are

858
00:35:08,510 --> 00:35:10,940
similar. Where do we build?

859
00:35:10,940 --> 00:35:13,910
How do we build? How
do we manage forests,

860
00:35:13,910 --> 00:35:14,990
especially those at the

861
00:35:14,990 --> 00:35:16,445
interface of communities?

862
00:35:16,445 --> 00:35:18,229
And how do we manage
the resources

863
00:35:18,229 --> 00:35:19,804
that manage our climate?

864
00:35:19,804 --> 00:35:22,130
Dense urban or
suburban communities

865
00:35:22,130 --> 00:35:23,959
may come to
different answers.

866
00:35:23,959 --> 00:35:25,999
Then dispersed and
rural communities.

867
00:35:25,999 --> 00:35:27,380
Yet the differences and how

868
00:35:27,380 --> 00:35:29,600
those communities answer
those questions make

869
00:35:29,600 --> 00:35:31,610
it a difficult
problem to solve

870
00:35:31,610 --> 00:35:34,129
legislatively from
our centers of power.

871
00:35:34,129 --> 00:35:36,200
Instead, this is a problem

872
00:35:36,200 --> 00:35:37,325
of what I call governance.

873
00:35:37,325 --> 00:35:38,840
Now, not to be confused

874
00:35:38,840 --> 00:35:41,449
with government,
but governance.

875
00:35:41,449 --> 00:35:42,500
The processes of

876
00:35:42,500 --> 00:35:44,030
interaction and
decision-making

877
00:35:44,030 --> 00:35:45,349
among stakeholders facing

878
00:35:45,349 --> 00:35:47,045
a collective problem.

879
00:35:47,045 --> 00:35:49,069
Effective
governance leads to

880
00:35:49,069 --> 00:35:50,660
the creation and
reinforcement of

881
00:35:50,660 --> 00:35:52,369
social norms and
institutions

882
00:35:52,369 --> 00:35:54,814
designed to address
common problems.

883
00:35:54,814 --> 00:35:57,334
To effectively govern
wildfire risk,

884
00:35:57,334 --> 00:35:59,000
we need connections between

885
00:35:59,000 --> 00:36:01,189
local stakeholders,
leaders,

886
00:36:01,189 --> 00:36:03,319
managers and resonance
and the development of

887
00:36:03,319 --> 00:36:04,729
relationships that span

888
00:36:04,729 --> 00:36:06,470
those typical boundaries.

889
00:36:06,470 --> 00:36:08,180
And for the last
several years,

890
00:36:08,180 --> 00:36:09,230
these connections have been

891
00:36:09,230 --> 00:36:10,834
the subject of my research.

892
00:36:10,834 --> 00:36:12,739
Working with a team
of researchers from

893
00:36:12,739 --> 00:36:15,155
federal agencies and
other universities,

894
00:36:15,155 --> 00:36:17,674
Lab at PSU has mapped
the networks of

895
00:36:17,674 --> 00:36:19,309
fire risk stakeholders in

896
00:36:19,309 --> 00:36:22,054
hotspots of wildfire
across the Western US.

897
00:36:22,054 --> 00:36:23,479
And the takeaways
from our work

898
00:36:23,479 --> 00:36:24,920
are actually quite simple.

899
00:36:24,920 --> 00:36:26,239
There's a large
community of

900
00:36:26,239 --> 00:36:27,409
people out there working on

901
00:36:27,409 --> 00:36:30,094
the solutions to the
challenges of wildfire.

902
00:36:30,094 --> 00:36:31,940
They represent
a diverse set

903
00:36:31,940 --> 00:36:35,300
of organizations
and perspectives,

904
00:36:35,300 --> 00:36:37,340
from federal and
state agencies

905
00:36:37,340 --> 00:36:39,514
to community groups
and local governments,

906
00:36:39,514 --> 00:36:41,000
natural resource
managers and

907
00:36:41,000 --> 00:36:42,979
emergency responders
and housing and

908
00:36:42,979 --> 00:36:45,349
Environmental Advocates
among many others.

909
00:36:45,349 --> 00:36:47,165
But probably most
importantly,

910
00:36:47,165 --> 00:36:48,905
some of those actors play

911
00:36:48,905 --> 00:36:51,289
outsized roles
as connectors,

912
00:36:51,289 --> 00:36:53,030
bringing people
together across

913
00:36:53,030 --> 00:36:54,995
boundaries to
solve the problem.

914
00:36:54,995 --> 00:36:56,540
Washington, for example,

915
00:36:56,540 --> 00:36:57,829
we found that
non-profit and

916
00:36:57,829 --> 00:37:00,169
local organizations
were occupying

917
00:37:00,169 --> 00:37:02,029
the space and filling gaps,

918
00:37:02,029 --> 00:37:03,109
or government and formal

919
00:37:03,109 --> 00:37:04,564
institutions were absent.

920
00:37:04,564 --> 00:37:06,769
With the support of the
organization known as

921
00:37:06,769 --> 00:37:08,269
la fac or the
Washington fire

922
00:37:08,269 --> 00:37:10,054
adapted Communities
Network.

923
00:37:10,054 --> 00:37:11,509
And in the wake of several

924
00:37:11,509 --> 00:37:13,519
devastating fire seasons in

925
00:37:13,519 --> 00:37:15,979
Washington County
Fire District number

926
00:37:15,979 --> 00:37:18,605
1 hired not another
firefighter,

927
00:37:18,605 --> 00:37:20,870
but a Community
Outreach Liaison,

928
00:37:20,870 --> 00:37:22,519
a coordinator who is now

929
00:37:22,519 --> 00:37:24,049
at the center of efforts to

930
00:37:24,049 --> 00:37:25,069
transform the way

931
00:37:25,069 --> 00:37:28,340
North Central Washington
lives with fire.

932
00:37:28,340 --> 00:37:32,270
In contrast, in Utah as
urban Wasatch region,

933
00:37:32,270 --> 00:37:33,349
the State Department of

934
00:37:33,349 --> 00:37:34,879
natural resource
coordinators are

935
00:37:34,879 --> 00:37:35,959
at the center of efforts

936
00:37:35,959 --> 00:37:37,519
to build community
resilience.

937
00:37:37,519 --> 00:37:38,960
Wildfire reflecting

938
00:37:38,960 --> 00:37:40,610
a more centralized approach

939
00:37:40,610 --> 00:37:43,354
that Utah is bringing
to the problem.

940
00:37:43,354 --> 00:37:44,989
So despite the differences

941
00:37:44,989 --> 00:37:46,579
that we see across
communities

942
00:37:46,579 --> 00:37:48,350
are finding paella
an emerging

943
00:37:48,350 --> 00:37:49,835
the work of

944
00:37:49,835 --> 00:37:52,070
an emerging network
of entrepreneurs

945
00:37:52,070 --> 00:37:53,795
of community at a patient

946
00:37:53,795 --> 00:37:55,759
innovators who
are increasingly

947
00:37:55,759 --> 00:37:57,349
supporting and
learning from

948
00:37:57,349 --> 00:37:58,489
each other and efforts

949
00:37:58,489 --> 00:38:02,149
to develop a culture
that lives with fire.

950
00:38:02,149 --> 00:38:05,089
Resilience. Wildfire
moves beyond

951
00:38:05,089 --> 00:38:07,250
simply legislating
increased funding for

952
00:38:07,250 --> 00:38:09,620
more firefighting or or

953
00:38:09,620 --> 00:38:10,939
for defensible space around

954
00:38:10,939 --> 00:38:12,260
homes are building more

955
00:38:12,260 --> 00:38:14,569
responsibly with less
flammable materials and

956
00:38:14,569 --> 00:38:15,770
designs or for

957
00:38:15,770 --> 00:38:18,559
more than a different
forest management.

958
00:38:18,559 --> 00:38:21,440
Those sure, those
are important.

959
00:38:21,440 --> 00:38:23,720
But transformational
adaptation is

960
00:38:23,720 --> 00:38:25,849
about building a culture
where fire is part

961
00:38:25,849 --> 00:38:28,190
of the landscape and
where communities are

962
00:38:28,190 --> 00:38:31,565
empowered to embrace
that reality.

963
00:38:31,565 --> 00:38:33,619
So let me tell you
one final story,

964
00:38:33,619 --> 00:38:35,975
not of place, but
of transformation.

965
00:38:35,975 --> 00:38:37,910
In the 990s, Oregon,

966
00:38:37,910 --> 00:38:39,634
in response to a crisis of

967
00:38:39,634 --> 00:38:41,869
declining salmon and
our rivers and streams,

968
00:38:41,869 --> 00:38:43,339
crafted a plan to empower

969
00:38:43,339 --> 00:38:45,770
local stakeholders from
different interests

970
00:38:45,770 --> 00:38:47,180
to work together to assess

971
00:38:47,180 --> 00:38:48,350
what limited salmon

972
00:38:48,350 --> 00:38:49,954
in their local watersheds.

973
00:38:49,954 --> 00:38:52,175
These groups, these
watershed counsels,

974
00:38:52,175 --> 00:38:53,960
were to use their
assessments as

975
00:38:53,960 --> 00:38:55,699
a basis for proposals to

976
00:38:55,699 --> 00:38:57,305
restore rivers and streams

977
00:38:57,305 --> 00:38:59,684
and they're nearby
forest and floodplains.

978
00:38:59,684 --> 00:39:01,399
Oregon plan replied on

979
00:39:01,399 --> 00:39:03,049
hiring watershed
coordinators,

980
00:39:03,049 --> 00:39:05,329
people whose job it
was to keep convene

981
00:39:05,329 --> 00:39:08,030
local stakeholders despite
their differences,

982
00:39:08,030 --> 00:39:09,665
to find common ground

983
00:39:09,665 --> 00:39:11,570
and implement solutions.

984
00:39:11,570 --> 00:39:13,189
Little wins that they

985
00:39:13,189 --> 00:39:14,510
started with those
little wins,

986
00:39:14,510 --> 00:39:15,934
they grew into bigger wins.

987
00:39:15,934 --> 00:39:17,090
And bigger wins helped

988
00:39:17,090 --> 00:39:19,159
expand common
ground and lead to

989
00:39:19,159 --> 00:39:20,570
projects that today are

990
00:39:20,570 --> 00:39:22,939
rebuilding ecological
infrastructure,

991
00:39:22,939 --> 00:39:25,759
supporting a watershed
restoration economy

992
00:39:25,759 --> 00:39:27,500
worth over a
billion dollars,

993
00:39:27,500 --> 00:39:29,150
and transforming
our systems

994
00:39:29,150 --> 00:39:30,590
of watershed management.

995
00:39:30,590 --> 00:39:32,329
We can look to
the Oregon plan

996
00:39:32,329 --> 00:39:33,559
for salmon and watersheds

997
00:39:33,559 --> 00:39:34,789
as an example that might

998
00:39:34,789 --> 00:39:36,740
help us adapt to wildfire.

999
00:39:36,740 --> 00:39:39,410
Investment in local
Coordination capacity,

1000
00:39:39,410 --> 00:39:40,864
like we've seen in Utah.

1001
00:39:40,864 --> 00:39:42,410
And then she'll land in

1002
00:39:42,410 --> 00:39:43,760
Oregon's watersheds and in

1003
00:39:43,760 --> 00:39:45,620
many other cases
can help foster

1004
00:39:45,620 --> 00:39:46,909
a long-term approach to

1005
00:39:46,909 --> 00:39:49,430
empower local
governance to adapt

1006
00:39:49,430 --> 00:39:51,019
to wildfire risk in

1007
00:39:51,019 --> 00:39:53,795
communities like those
of the s0, um, Kenyon.

1008
00:39:53,795 --> 00:39:55,730
And building a
coordination network

1009
00:39:55,730 --> 00:39:57,889
across the state
can help us hold up

1010
00:39:57,889 --> 00:40:00,349
examples like the tree
farm as something that

1011
00:40:00,349 --> 00:40:04,160
local communities can
learn from and adapt.

1012
00:40:04,160 --> 00:40:05,810
Identifying the aspects of

1013
00:40:05,810 --> 00:40:06,920
community we want be

1014
00:40:06,920 --> 00:40:07,969
more resilient and

1015
00:40:07,969 --> 00:40:09,814
dismantling
resilient marginal,

1016
00:40:09,814 --> 00:40:12,500
marginalization is
what adapting to

1017
00:40:12,500 --> 00:40:14,509
wildfires about it is

1018
00:40:14,509 --> 00:40:16,430
the process of resilience.

1019
00:40:16,430 --> 00:40:18,634
We know we can
adapt to fire.

1020
00:40:18,634 --> 00:40:19,790
We can see examples

1021
00:40:19,790 --> 00:40:21,214
out there where
it's being done.

1022
00:40:21,214 --> 00:40:23,969
The question, simply,
well, we do it.

1023
00:40:23,969 --> 00:40:26,429
And will those tools
of adaptation be

1024
00:40:26,429 --> 00:40:29,619
available to
everyone? Thank you.

1025
00:40:32,450 --> 00:40:34,965
Thank you so much, Max.

1026
00:40:34,965 --> 00:40:36,899
And I do want to let
the audience know,

1027
00:40:36,899 --> 00:40:38,729
too, that we have
there's a Q and a.

1028
00:40:38,729 --> 00:40:40,229
We will have a
Q&A session after

1029
00:40:40,229 --> 00:40:41,969
we finish all the
speakers tonight.

1030
00:40:41,969 --> 00:40:44,490
So please, if
you have Max's,

1031
00:40:44,490 --> 00:40:45,930
give you a lot of thought,

1032
00:40:45,930 --> 00:40:47,250
food for thought and
you have more questions

1033
00:40:47,250 --> 00:40:48,659
from actress, I
guarantee you do.

1034
00:40:48,659 --> 00:40:49,889
Please jot those
questions in

1035
00:40:49,889 --> 00:40:51,780
the Q&A box. So thank you.

1036
00:40:51,780 --> 00:40:54,675
Next Next up, we have

1037
00:40:54,675 --> 00:40:56,400
Fletcher been doin Thatcher

1038
00:40:56,400 --> 00:40:58,140
is the director of
PSU's institute,

1039
00:40:58,140 --> 00:41:02,620
a sustainable solutions,
but they did.

1040
00:41:03,870 --> 00:41:14,819
I think people can see
you that helps out.

1041
00:41:15,250 --> 00:41:17,269
So my towel,

1042
00:41:17,269 --> 00:41:19,729
my presentation is
ready for the big one.

1043
00:41:19,729 --> 00:41:23,150
And in 2015,

1044
00:41:23,150 --> 00:41:24,739
the story that
President pursued

1045
00:41:24,739 --> 00:41:25,490
talked about definitely

1046
00:41:25,490 --> 00:41:27,050
got everyone's attention.

1047
00:41:27,050 --> 00:41:28,639
It painted a clear picture

1048
00:41:28,639 --> 00:41:30,080
of a significance of

1049
00:41:30,080 --> 00:41:32,719
the significant and
reverberating impact of

1050
00:41:32,719 --> 00:41:34,729
Cascadia subduction
zone earthquake

1051
00:41:34,729 --> 00:41:36,215
in the Pacific Northwest.

1052
00:41:36,215 --> 00:41:38,209
The article also
made it clear.

1053
00:41:38,209 --> 00:41:39,725
So this would have systemic

1054
00:41:39,725 --> 00:41:41,044
impacts on our city.

1055
00:41:41,044 --> 00:41:42,380
Mean that as one piece

1056
00:41:42,380 --> 00:41:43,759
of infrastructure fails,

1057
00:41:43,759 --> 00:41:45,859
so does the next and so on.

1058
00:41:45,859 --> 00:41:47,059
So if the impacts of

1059
00:41:47,059 --> 00:41:48,829
a major earthquake
are systemic,

1060
00:41:48,829 --> 00:41:50,734
that our preparation
for the disaster

1061
00:41:50,734 --> 00:41:52,309
must also be systemic.

1062
00:41:52,309 --> 00:41:54,080
We need to think
to be able to

1063
00:41:54,080 --> 00:41:55,819
think and plan as if pipes,

1064
00:41:55,819 --> 00:41:57,620
parks, and pumps are

1065
00:41:57,620 --> 00:42:00,034
interconnected and
dependent on each other.

1066
00:42:00,034 --> 00:42:02,209
But humans are not good

1067
00:42:02,209 --> 00:42:03,439
at thinking systemically.

1068
00:42:03,439 --> 00:42:04,355
We're much better at

1069
00:42:04,355 --> 00:42:05,720
organizing around
the pieces of

1070
00:42:05,720 --> 00:42:07,459
the system as opposed

1071
00:42:07,459 --> 00:42:09,200
to the system as a whole.

1072
00:42:09,200 --> 00:42:11,120
So this plays out
in our society

1073
00:42:11,120 --> 00:42:12,739
writ large and
you can see it,

1074
00:42:12,739 --> 00:42:14,749
see many examples of it.

1075
00:42:14,749 --> 00:42:16,370
But just for today
I'm going to talk

1076
00:42:16,370 --> 00:42:18,020
about our city and

1077
00:42:18,020 --> 00:42:19,610
specifically our city
infrastructure and

1078
00:42:19,610 --> 00:42:21,244
the different departments

1079
00:42:21,244 --> 00:42:22,999
that manage that
infrastructure.

1080
00:42:22,999 --> 00:42:25,129
So for if we know we need

1081
00:42:25,129 --> 00:42:26,810
systematic or
systemic thinking and

1082
00:42:26,810 --> 00:42:30,109
planning in order to

1083
00:42:30,109 --> 00:42:31,684
get ready for the big one.

1084
00:42:31,684 --> 00:42:33,485
Then how do we do that?

1085
00:42:33,485 --> 00:42:35,090
If we're not
organized like that?

1086
00:42:35,090 --> 00:42:36,620
And this is the
exact premise

1087
00:42:36,620 --> 00:42:37,670
for a collaboration between

1088
00:42:37,670 --> 00:42:38,779
the City of Portland,

1089
00:42:38,779 --> 00:42:40,609
Portland State
University called a

1090
00:42:40,609 --> 00:42:43,710
resilient infrastructure
planning exercise.

1091
00:42:44,650 --> 00:42:47,390
So this collaboration
focused on

1092
00:42:47,390 --> 00:42:48,619
the threat that a major

1093
00:42:48,619 --> 00:42:49,940
earthquake posed
to the cities,

1094
00:42:49,940 --> 00:42:52,190
built infrastructure
or pipes,

1095
00:42:52,190 --> 00:42:53,765
parks, pumps and more.

1096
00:42:53,765 --> 00:42:55,789
And explore the
interdependencies

1097
00:42:55,789 --> 00:42:56,870
and connections between

1098
00:42:56,870 --> 00:42:59,030
these pieces of
infrastructure when

1099
00:42:59,030 --> 00:42:59,960
trying to respond and

1100
00:42:59,960 --> 00:43:01,700
recover from
major earthquake.

1101
00:43:01,700 --> 00:43:03,980
So for two days,
40 participants

1102
00:43:03,980 --> 00:43:05,869
from multiple parts of

1103
00:43:05,869 --> 00:43:07,189
the city came
together to share

1104
00:43:07,189 --> 00:43:10,325
existing plans,
generate new ideas.

1105
00:43:10,325 --> 00:43:11,869
Really think about
what would make

1106
00:43:11,869 --> 00:43:13,280
our system more resilient.

1107
00:43:13,280 --> 00:43:14,510
So we effectively

1108
00:43:14,510 --> 00:43:16,475
recover from
major earthquake.

1109
00:43:16,475 --> 00:43:17,494
We call it an

1110
00:43:17,494 --> 00:43:19,190
exercise because
it is not about

1111
00:43:19,190 --> 00:43:21,514
coming up with exact
plans and designs,

1112
00:43:21,514 --> 00:43:23,540
but rather to
uncover new ways of

1113
00:43:23,540 --> 00:43:25,070
approaching the
challenge and

1114
00:43:25,070 --> 00:43:26,794
preparing for
this earthquake.

1115
00:43:26,794 --> 00:43:29,134
Part of the design,
the important part

1116
00:43:29,134 --> 00:43:29,869
are an important part of

1117
00:43:29,869 --> 00:43:31,159
the design was
also to foster

1118
00:43:31,159 --> 00:43:32,659
relationships
across parts of

1119
00:43:32,659 --> 00:43:34,219
the city that can

1120
00:43:34,219 --> 00:43:37,560
fuel future projects
and collaborations.

1121
00:43:37,990 --> 00:43:39,950
So one of the first steps

1122
00:43:39,950 --> 00:43:40,879
of this exercise was

1123
00:43:40,879 --> 00:43:41,359
to understand

1124
00:43:41,359 --> 00:43:42,949
the potential impact
of an earthquake.

1125
00:43:42,949 --> 00:43:46,400
And I'll pause for

1126
00:43:46,400 --> 00:43:48,784
a moment so we can
combine their houses.

1127
00:43:48,784 --> 00:43:51,530
But this map shows
a few things,

1128
00:43:51,530 --> 00:43:53,239
but the big one is

1129
00:43:53,239 --> 00:43:54,709
the liquefaction
zones that would be

1130
00:43:54,709 --> 00:43:56,990
created after a
major earthquake.

1131
00:43:56,990 --> 00:43:59,075
So the red to
green gradient

1132
00:43:59,075 --> 00:44:00,289
are the areas where
the land would

1133
00:44:00,289 --> 00:44:01,820
experience deformation
and would cause

1134
00:44:01,820 --> 00:44:03,019
major disruption and

1135
00:44:03,019 --> 00:44:04,565
destruction of city
infrastructure.

1136
00:44:04,565 --> 00:44:05,449
So these are the areas

1137
00:44:05,449 --> 00:44:06,050
where you're going to see

1138
00:44:06,050 --> 00:44:08,404
massive, massive,
massive damage.

1139
00:44:08,404 --> 00:44:11,015
But it's also
important to note that

1140
00:44:11,015 --> 00:44:12,350
throughout the city in

1141
00:44:12,350 --> 00:44:13,564
an experience like this,

1142
00:44:13,564 --> 00:44:14,149
you're going to have

1143
00:44:14,149 --> 00:44:15,710
massive shaking that's
also going to be

1144
00:44:15,710 --> 00:44:17,630
extraordinarily
disruption or disruptive

1145
00:44:17,630 --> 00:44:19,505
to the infrastructure
and the people.

1146
00:44:19,505 --> 00:44:22,339
So we were looking at
this map and then we

1147
00:44:22,339 --> 00:44:25,415
started to layer on
the parts of our city.

1148
00:44:25,415 --> 00:44:29,779
So this map starts to show.

1149
00:44:29,779 --> 00:44:31,850
Some of the
different pieces of

1150
00:44:31,850 --> 00:44:33,425
infrastructure
within our city.

1151
00:44:33,425 --> 00:44:34,849
And as we started to

1152
00:44:34,849 --> 00:44:36,230
look at where those
infrastructures

1153
00:44:36,230 --> 00:44:37,550
would start to fail when

1154
00:44:37,550 --> 00:44:39,185
we've had a
massive disaster.

1155
00:44:39,185 --> 00:44:41,315
And so you'll
see kind of the,

1156
00:44:41,315 --> 00:44:44,014
the pink lines and dots

1157
00:44:44,014 --> 00:44:45,049
being some of the critical

1158
00:44:45,049 --> 00:44:46,520
pump stations for sewers.

1159
00:44:46,520 --> 00:44:47,900
You'll see the
green areas being

1160
00:44:47,900 --> 00:44:48,950
these priority parks that

1161
00:44:48,950 --> 00:44:51,289
are most important for
staging and recovery,

1162
00:44:51,289 --> 00:44:52,640
and also the
critical roads,

1163
00:44:52,640 --> 00:44:53,629
they'll be cleared first

1164
00:44:53,629 --> 00:44:54,499
to allow for movement.

1165
00:44:54,499 --> 00:44:56,195
Those are kinda the
orange lines there.

1166
00:44:56,195 --> 00:44:58,039
So this is not all
of these systems,

1167
00:44:58,039 --> 00:45:00,020
so these are just the
ones that would be

1168
00:45:00,020 --> 00:45:01,520
the plans for the ones
that are coming back

1169
00:45:01,520 --> 00:45:03,935
online first.

1170
00:45:03,935 --> 00:45:06,560
So, but even if
you just start to

1171
00:45:06,560 --> 00:45:06,905
look at

1172
00:45:06,905 --> 00:45:08,509
these few pieces of
our infrastructure,

1173
00:45:08,509 --> 00:45:09,709
you see how it
starts to become

1174
00:45:09,709 --> 00:45:12,930
this complex
interconnected web.

1175
00:45:13,500 --> 00:45:15,970
So when we put

1176
00:45:15,970 --> 00:45:16,870
these pieces of
infrastructure

1177
00:45:16,870 --> 00:45:17,860
on the same map,

1178
00:45:17,860 --> 00:45:19,615
we can also start to see

1179
00:45:19,615 --> 00:45:20,799
and on the same map where

1180
00:45:20,799 --> 00:45:21,894
we also are looking
at the earthquake,

1181
00:45:21,894 --> 00:45:23,050
you can see where
there might

1182
00:45:23,050 --> 00:45:24,685
be some problems.

1183
00:45:24,685 --> 00:45:27,159
So as we're seeing massive

1184
00:45:27,159 --> 00:45:29,709
damage across the city,

1185
00:45:29,709 --> 00:45:31,600
we look at this
orange line,

1186
00:45:31,600 --> 00:45:34,675
which is a road
and we look at

1187
00:45:34,675 --> 00:45:38,544
the circle is kind of
a major pump station.

1188
00:45:38,544 --> 00:45:40,959
And these are to
the pump station

1189
00:45:40,959 --> 00:45:42,969
is a critical one to
fix really quick,

1190
00:45:42,969 --> 00:45:43,960
but we realized that

1191
00:45:43,960 --> 00:45:45,054
there's a disconnect there.

1192
00:45:45,054 --> 00:45:46,210
So that road That's

1193
00:45:46,210 --> 00:45:47,560
the nearest road
to be cleared.

1194
00:45:47,560 --> 00:45:48,820
But then we have a
pump station that

1195
00:45:48,820 --> 00:45:50,770
needs to be
fixed down here.

1196
00:45:50,770 --> 00:45:53,770
So this exercise helped
pose the question,

1197
00:45:53,770 --> 00:45:55,700
do we need to
change our plan to

1198
00:45:55,700 --> 00:45:57,769
make sure there's a road to

1199
00:45:57,769 --> 00:45:59,360
that pump station so
that we can begin

1200
00:45:59,360 --> 00:46:00,620
that recovery process

1201
00:46:00,620 --> 00:46:02,405
or if it's not possible,

1202
00:46:02,405 --> 00:46:04,189
how do we adjust
our plans so that

1203
00:46:04,189 --> 00:46:05,990
the early recovery
of our sewer system

1204
00:46:05,990 --> 00:46:07,939
is not reliant on
that pump station.

1205
00:46:07,939 --> 00:46:09,410
This is just one of

1206
00:46:09,410 --> 00:46:10,280
the important questions

1207
00:46:10,280 --> 00:46:11,210
that got uncovered during

1208
00:46:11,210 --> 00:46:12,439
this process as we

1209
00:46:12,439 --> 00:46:13,550
looked at the
infrastructure as

1210
00:46:13,550 --> 00:46:17,310
one cohesive,
interdependent system.

1211
00:46:17,920 --> 00:46:20,870
So the report regenerated
from this exercise,

1212
00:46:20,870 --> 00:46:21,650
brought the content

1213
00:46:21,650 --> 00:46:22,639
from these
meetings together

1214
00:46:22,639 --> 00:46:24,469
and provide one
place to look

1215
00:46:24,469 --> 00:46:26,059
for ideas and
approaches to building

1216
00:46:26,059 --> 00:46:29,070
resilience into our
infrastructure systems.

1217
00:46:30,310 --> 00:46:32,630
But today exercise and

1218
00:46:32,630 --> 00:46:33,739
the report held the space

1219
00:46:33,739 --> 00:46:34,700
to think about our roads,

1220
00:46:34,700 --> 00:46:35,809
pipes, parks, and more

1221
00:46:35,809 --> 00:46:37,430
as one connected system.

1222
00:46:37,430 --> 00:46:39,019
And also centered
the notion

1223
00:46:39,019 --> 00:46:40,129
that our
infrastructure will be

1224
00:46:40,129 --> 00:46:42,845
inextricably linked
during a disaster

1225
00:46:42,845 --> 00:46:43,730
and that our planning and

1226
00:46:43,730 --> 00:46:46,559
response needs to
acknowledge that.

1227
00:46:47,050 --> 00:46:50,059
So one of the creative
approaches that

1228
00:46:50,059 --> 00:46:51,200
came out of this
exercise had

1229
00:46:51,200 --> 00:46:52,909
to do with our
city's water.

1230
00:46:52,909 --> 00:46:54,559
So you'll see some yellow

1231
00:46:54,559 --> 00:46:55,609
dots popping up here.

1232
00:46:55,609 --> 00:46:56,899
So a major earthquake is

1233
00:46:56,899 --> 00:46:58,609
likely to damage
our water system,

1234
00:46:58,609 --> 00:46:59,870
which is of
course a critical

1235
00:46:59,870 --> 00:47:01,010
asset for keeping people in

1236
00:47:01,010 --> 00:47:02,675
Portland so they
could recover

1237
00:47:02,675 --> 00:47:04,580
or so the city can recover.

1238
00:47:04,580 --> 00:47:06,529
So what's the best way to

1239
00:47:06,529 --> 00:47:08,375
get our water back
after disaster?

1240
00:47:08,375 --> 00:47:11,480
So one way might be to
fix all the pumps and

1241
00:47:11,480 --> 00:47:13,009
pipes as quickly
as possible ship

1242
00:47:13,009 --> 00:47:14,600
and water in the meantime,

1243
00:47:14,600 --> 00:47:17,120
and do it as
quickly as you can.

1244
00:47:17,120 --> 00:47:20,719
And during this resilient
planning exercise,

1245
00:47:20,719 --> 00:47:22,384
we also discovered
another option

1246
00:47:22,384 --> 00:47:23,749
which was to tap
into some of

1247
00:47:23,749 --> 00:47:25,280
the existing well
water systems in

1248
00:47:25,280 --> 00:47:27,619
our city that can be
found in our parks.

1249
00:47:27,619 --> 00:47:29,059
So these yellow
dots on the map

1250
00:47:29,059 --> 00:47:30,950
represent existing
well-watered systems that

1251
00:47:30,950 --> 00:47:32,210
are already in our parks

1252
00:47:32,210 --> 00:47:34,729
and are spread
across our city.

1253
00:47:34,729 --> 00:47:36,859
So uncovering this
resource meant that

1254
00:47:36,859 --> 00:47:38,630
the group could discuss

1255
00:47:38,630 --> 00:47:40,399
options for retrofitting
these wells so

1256
00:47:40,399 --> 00:47:41,450
that they would be

1257
00:47:41,450 --> 00:47:43,010
able to withstand
an earthquake.

1258
00:47:43,010 --> 00:47:44,810
And immediately
they could become

1259
00:47:44,810 --> 00:47:46,669
this distributed set of

1260
00:47:46,669 --> 00:47:49,129
water hubs around our city.

1261
00:47:49,129 --> 00:47:51,260
And so this is just
one example where

1262
00:47:51,260 --> 00:47:53,615
preparation now
and investing

1263
00:47:53,615 --> 00:47:56,120
in some infrastructure now

1264
00:47:56,120 --> 00:47:58,895
will help us bounce back
better and quicker.

1265
00:47:58,895 --> 00:48:01,290
In the face of a
major earthquake.

1266
00:48:01,650 --> 00:48:05,079
So I was just one
example and this these

1267
00:48:05,079 --> 00:48:07,270
conversations and a lot

1268
00:48:07,270 --> 00:48:08,830
of the information
that report had many,

1269
00:48:08,830 --> 00:48:10,510
many more are
we're starting

1270
00:48:10,510 --> 00:48:12,519
to see the interconnections

1271
00:48:12,519 --> 00:48:12,880
across

1272
00:48:12,880 --> 00:48:14,349
this infrastructure
and starting to think

1273
00:48:14,349 --> 00:48:17,049
about better ways
forward on that.

1274
00:48:17,049 --> 00:48:18,999
Not just make our system is

1275
00:48:18,999 --> 00:48:21,040
better in the future
after this earthquake,

1276
00:48:21,040 --> 00:48:21,999
but also could maybe

1277
00:48:21,999 --> 00:48:24,080
benefit us in the present.

1278
00:48:24,180 --> 00:48:28,240
So but during this time,

1279
00:48:28,240 --> 00:48:29,409
something that was really

1280
00:48:29,409 --> 00:48:31,750
interesting that
we had in mind,

1281
00:48:31,750 --> 00:48:33,759
but we didn't really
realize it would build,

1282
00:48:33,759 --> 00:48:35,364
to this extent was the work

1283
00:48:35,364 --> 00:48:37,479
that we did to build
social infrastructure,

1284
00:48:37,479 --> 00:48:39,160
which are the ways

1285
00:48:39,160 --> 00:48:41,049
that the relationships in

1286
00:48:41,049 --> 00:48:43,200
the chemistry in the trust.

1287
00:48:43,200 --> 00:48:45,259
I started to boil up across

1288
00:48:45,259 --> 00:48:47,119
these participants
and kind of give

1289
00:48:47,119 --> 00:48:49,820
life to these new ideas

1290
00:48:49,820 --> 00:48:51,410
and new ways of
working together.

1291
00:48:51,410 --> 00:48:53,389
So in the social
infrastructure

1292
00:48:53,389 --> 00:48:54,500
across this group is so

1293
00:48:54,500 --> 00:48:56,359
strong that
after this event

1294
00:48:56,359 --> 00:48:58,040
and the development
of the report,

1295
00:48:58,040 --> 00:49:00,830
they self-organize
into across city

1296
00:49:00,830 --> 00:49:02,450
collaborative group
called the disaster

1297
00:49:02,450 --> 00:49:04,775
resilience and
recovery action group.

1298
00:49:04,775 --> 00:49:06,455
So there's still
meeting today,

1299
00:49:06,455 --> 00:49:07,519
continuing to deepen their

1300
00:49:07,519 --> 00:49:09,275
relationships and trust.

1301
00:49:09,275 --> 00:49:11,090
And they're also looking
for creative ways to

1302
00:49:11,090 --> 00:49:12,140
implement the ideas

1303
00:49:12,140 --> 00:49:14,089
that came out
of this report.

1304
00:49:14,089 --> 00:49:16,789
So getting ready for
a major earthquake is

1305
00:49:16,789 --> 00:49:18,349
a long and complex task

1306
00:49:18,349 --> 00:49:19,460
and I've just shown you

1307
00:49:19,460 --> 00:49:21,230
one slice of it today.

1308
00:49:21,230 --> 00:49:22,954
And although we're
not there yet,

1309
00:49:22,954 --> 00:49:24,500
this work was one big step

1310
00:49:24,500 --> 00:49:26,429
in the right direction.

1311
00:49:33,600 --> 00:49:36,130
Thank you, Fletcher.
Thank you very much.

1312
00:49:36,130 --> 00:49:37,600
Next up, Jeremy spoon,

1313
00:49:37,600 --> 00:49:40,280
case, US Department
of Anthropology.

1314
00:49:55,800 --> 00:50:01,600
April 25th, 2015, 11 56 am.

1315
00:50:01,600 --> 00:50:04,089
A 7.8 magnitude earthquake

1316
00:50:04,089 --> 00:50:06,190
hit mountain
regions of Nepal.

1317
00:50:06,190 --> 00:50:08,950
There were thousands of
deaths and injuries.

1318
00:50:08,950 --> 00:50:12,400
More than 750000
private houses and

1319
00:50:12,400 --> 00:50:13,959
government buildings
damaged and

1320
00:50:13,959 --> 00:50:15,140
destroyed and crippling

1321
00:50:15,140 --> 00:50:17,074
the country's
built environment.

1322
00:50:17,074 --> 00:50:20,149
There were 400 earthquakes
and aftershocks of

1323
00:50:20,149 --> 00:50:21,470
a magnitude of four or

1324
00:50:21,470 --> 00:50:23,224
greater within one year.

1325
00:50:23,224 --> 00:50:25,580
And there were abundant
cascading hazards

1326
00:50:25,580 --> 00:50:28,325
after the earthquakes,
like landslides,

1327
00:50:28,325 --> 00:50:30,575
rule and indigenous
communities

1328
00:50:30,575 --> 00:50:31,939
living in and
geographically

1329
00:50:31,939 --> 00:50:33,739
hazardous locations
where some of

1330
00:50:33,739 --> 00:50:36,709
the hardest text
media attention

1331
00:50:36,709 --> 00:50:38,885
shifted weeks
after the events.

1332
00:50:38,885 --> 00:50:42,484
Recovery has taken
years continuing today,

1333
00:50:42,484 --> 00:50:45,514
nearing six years after
the initial events.

1334
00:50:45,514 --> 00:50:47,149
Why did this earthquake and

1335
00:50:47,149 --> 00:50:50,014
its aftershocks cause
so much devastation?

1336
00:50:50,014 --> 00:50:52,819
Why is the recovery
taking so long?

1337
00:50:52,819 --> 00:50:54,814
What can we learn
from this event

1338
00:50:54,814 --> 00:50:57,749
to apply to the
next catastrophe?

1339
00:50:57,780 --> 00:51:00,159
Let's take a step back for

1340
00:51:00,159 --> 00:51:01,990
a moment to understand

1341
00:51:01,990 --> 00:51:05,799
how hazards are produced
by power in history.

1342
00:51:05,799 --> 00:51:08,995
Hazards are not
inherently disasters.

1343
00:51:08,995 --> 00:51:10,599
They become disasters

1344
00:51:10,599 --> 00:51:12,579
depending on
vulnerabilities.

1345
00:51:12,579 --> 00:51:15,804
These can be social,
like racial inequality,

1346
00:51:15,804 --> 00:51:18,320
structural like
architecture,

1347
00:51:18,320 --> 00:51:23,214
injury are related to
the capacitor response.

1348
00:51:23,214 --> 00:51:25,825
Social vulnerability
is a major reason

1349
00:51:25,825 --> 00:51:28,119
that hazards turn
into disasters,

1350
00:51:28,119 --> 00:51:29,500
especially in
the developing

1351
00:51:29,500 --> 00:51:30,850
world for rule and

1352
00:51:30,850 --> 00:51:32,379
indigenous
peoples that live

1353
00:51:32,379 --> 00:51:34,420
in perilous geographies.

1354
00:51:34,420 --> 00:51:37,240
Disasters also
typically amplify

1355
00:51:37,240 --> 00:51:40,545
preexisting social and
economic inequalities.

1356
00:51:40,545 --> 00:51:43,099
Social vulnerabilities
and often

1357
00:51:43,099 --> 00:51:45,995
impact the poor
and marginal most.

1358
00:51:45,995 --> 00:51:48,140
Disaster recovery must

1359
00:51:48,140 --> 00:51:49,909
therefore consider
whether it

1360
00:51:49,909 --> 00:51:52,550
replicates inequalities
that existed

1361
00:51:52,550 --> 00:51:54,094
prior to the disaster,

1362
00:51:54,094 --> 00:51:56,314
such as social inequality.

1363
00:51:56,314 --> 00:51:59,254
If there is any
transformative potential

1364
00:51:59,254 --> 00:52:01,084
to build back better.

1365
00:52:01,084 --> 00:52:03,229
Understanding how power and

1366
00:52:03,229 --> 00:52:04,699
history helped to produce

1367
00:52:04,699 --> 00:52:07,010
disasters is therefore key

1368
00:52:07,010 --> 00:52:09,425
to being resilient
to a hazard.

1369
00:52:09,425 --> 00:52:12,215
Without taking this
into consideration,

1370
00:52:12,215 --> 00:52:14,225
disaster relief
and recovery

1371
00:52:14,225 --> 00:52:16,369
may overlook
root causes such

1372
00:52:16,369 --> 00:52:18,349
as poverty that
helped to make

1373
00:52:18,349 --> 00:52:20,660
the disaster the
hazard a disaster.

1374
00:52:20,660 --> 00:52:23,570
In the first place. I want

1375
00:52:23,570 --> 00:52:25,250
to focus here on
the relationship

1376
00:52:25,250 --> 00:52:27,934
between inequality
and spatial dynamics

1377
00:52:27,934 --> 00:52:30,214
and spit in
disaster contexts.

1378
00:52:30,214 --> 00:52:31,790
The poor often live on

1379
00:52:31,790 --> 00:52:33,409
the geographic margins with

1380
00:52:33,409 --> 00:52:35,569
high vulnerabilities
created by

1381
00:52:35,569 --> 00:52:38,045
the physical geographies
of where they live.

1382
00:52:38,045 --> 00:52:41,269
In Nepal, centuries of
the caste system gave

1383
00:52:41,269 --> 00:52:42,800
more power to
certain groups

1384
00:52:42,800 --> 00:52:44,975
over indigenous
and rule people's,

1385
00:52:44,975 --> 00:52:47,660
excluding them from
economic opportunities

1386
00:52:47,660 --> 00:52:49,040
and pushing them to live

1387
00:52:49,040 --> 00:52:50,839
in biophysically
challenging

1388
00:52:50,839 --> 00:52:53,149
and often dangerous
circumstances,

1389
00:52:53,149 --> 00:52:56,150
such as high mountain
slopes or a floodplain.

1390
00:52:56,150 --> 00:52:58,580
Living in these
geographies creates

1391
00:52:58,580 --> 00:53:01,505
vulnerability to hazards
such as landslides,

1392
00:53:01,505 --> 00:53:03,199
amplifying their impacts,

1393
00:53:03,199 --> 00:53:05,959
and creating
catastrophic disasters.

1394
00:53:05,959 --> 00:53:07,670
What you're looking
at right now is

1395
00:53:07,670 --> 00:53:09,529
an open landslide that was

1396
00:53:09,529 --> 00:53:12,560
created in the 2015
Nepal earthquake.

1397
00:53:12,560 --> 00:53:15,200
You're seeing local
groom residents

1398
00:53:15,200 --> 00:53:17,614
harvesting fodder
for their livestock,

1399
00:53:17,614 --> 00:53:19,039
crossing this trail,

1400
00:53:19,039 --> 00:53:21,319
this open landslide
every day

1401
00:53:21,319 --> 00:53:22,759
during the monsoon in

1402
00:53:22,759 --> 00:53:24,859
very dangerous
circumstances in

1403
00:53:24,859 --> 00:53:27,510
order to continue
their way of life.

1404
00:53:27,640 --> 00:53:30,290
In these marginal
geographies,

1405
00:53:30,290 --> 00:53:32,029
indigenous and
rule people show

1406
00:53:32,029 --> 00:53:34,070
resilience by
using ingenuity

1407
00:53:34,070 --> 00:53:36,050
and creativity to adapt

1408
00:53:36,050 --> 00:53:37,984
to these challenging
circumstances,

1409
00:53:37,984 --> 00:53:40,549
using their indigenous
knowledge to mitigate

1410
00:53:40,549 --> 00:53:43,235
the dangers that these
locations present,

1411
00:53:43,235 --> 00:53:45,500
such as traditional
architectural,

1412
00:53:45,500 --> 00:53:48,139
engineering and
environmental knowledge.

1413
00:53:48,139 --> 00:53:50,389
Here you're seeing
indigenous peoples and

1414
00:53:50,389 --> 00:53:52,685
a displacement camp
after the earthquakes,

1415
00:53:52,685 --> 00:53:53,930
adapting a year and

1416
00:53:53,930 --> 00:53:55,625
a half after the
earthquakes,

1417
00:53:55,625 --> 00:53:57,695
to the circumstances
that they're in

1418
00:53:57,695 --> 00:54:00,664
while waiting to
be resettled.

1419
00:54:00,664 --> 00:54:02,795
I'm now going
to take us back

1420
00:54:02,795 --> 00:54:05,194
to our research in Nepal.

1421
00:54:05,194 --> 00:54:07,820
Starting in 2015, we

1422
00:54:07,820 --> 00:54:10,640
followed for 100
different households that

1423
00:54:10,640 --> 00:54:13,219
experienced catastrophic
impacts from

1424
00:54:13,219 --> 00:54:16,339
the 2015 earthquakes
and aftershocks.

1425
00:54:16,339 --> 00:54:18,590
We studied the
relief phase,

1426
00:54:18,590 --> 00:54:20,044
the recovery phase,

1427
00:54:20,044 --> 00:54:21,590
which is actually after

1428
00:54:21,590 --> 00:54:23,479
the initial phase where

1429
00:54:23,479 --> 00:54:25,294
health and safety
is the focus.

1430
00:54:25,294 --> 00:54:27,350
This was nine months after

1431
00:54:27,350 --> 00:54:28,399
the earthquakes when the

1432
00:54:28,399 --> 00:54:31,400
national reconstruction
program began.

1433
00:54:31,400 --> 00:54:34,219
We conducted surveys
and interviews at

1434
00:54:34,219 --> 00:54:35,615
that nine month interval

1435
00:54:35,615 --> 00:54:36,995
at a year and a half,

1436
00:54:36,995 --> 00:54:38,899
and returned it to
an app yours to

1437
00:54:38,899 --> 00:54:41,809
return research and
receive feedback.

1438
00:54:41,809 --> 00:54:44,450
We selected
communities near to

1439
00:54:44,450 --> 00:54:46,775
the road with access
to external aid,

1440
00:54:46,775 --> 00:54:48,560
such as international
non-governmental

1441
00:54:48,560 --> 00:54:50,780
organizations or NGOs,

1442
00:54:50,780 --> 00:54:52,219
and to communities further

1443
00:54:52,219 --> 00:54:53,795
from the road
with less access.

1444
00:54:53,795 --> 00:54:55,820
Say, all houses and

1445
00:54:55,820 --> 00:54:56,930
critical infrastructure

1446
00:54:56,930 --> 00:54:58,969
were damaged or destroyed.

1447
00:54:58,969 --> 00:55:01,789
We found that disaster
recoveries are

1448
00:55:01,789 --> 00:55:03,619
indigenous and rural
households and

1449
00:55:03,619 --> 00:55:05,030
settlements are culturally

1450
00:55:05,030 --> 00:55:06,754
and spatially
heterogeneous,

1451
00:55:06,754 --> 00:55:09,380
specific to context
and improving for

1452
00:55:09,380 --> 00:55:10,939
some while
circumstances we're

1453
00:55:10,939 --> 00:55:12,664
getting worse for others.

1454
00:55:12,664 --> 00:55:14,959
We also recognize
for patterns

1455
00:55:14,959 --> 00:55:17,750
important to understanding
disaster recovery.

1456
00:55:17,750 --> 00:55:21,020
First, we found that
social inequality caused

1457
00:55:21,020 --> 00:55:24,004
by the legacy of the
caste system pursuit,

1458
00:55:24,004 --> 00:55:25,970
push certain
populations to live

1459
00:55:25,970 --> 00:55:28,204
in biophysical
vulnerable areas,

1460
00:55:28,204 --> 00:55:30,559
such as high
Himalayan slopes.

1461
00:55:30,559 --> 00:55:32,180
This then cause some of the

1462
00:55:32,180 --> 00:55:33,665
poorest and most marginal

1463
00:55:33,665 --> 00:55:35,030
to experience some of

1464
00:55:35,030 --> 00:55:37,054
the worst impacts
from the earthquakes,

1465
00:55:37,054 --> 00:55:39,229
such as catastrophic
landslide,

1466
00:55:39,229 --> 00:55:40,550
complete destruction of

1467
00:55:40,550 --> 00:55:41,885
critical infrastructure

1468
00:55:41,885 --> 00:55:43,219
including health posts and

1469
00:55:43,219 --> 00:55:44,959
micro hydro power plants.

1470
00:55:44,959 --> 00:55:47,075
Social inequality
was therefore

1471
00:55:47,075 --> 00:55:48,904
amplify by the disaster,

1472
00:55:48,904 --> 00:55:50,689
especially through
the pre-existing

1473
00:55:50,689 --> 00:55:52,055
spatial dynamics

1474
00:55:52,055 --> 00:55:54,859
are where people's
settlements are located.

1475
00:55:54,859 --> 00:55:56,660
Second, these rule and

1476
00:55:56,660 --> 00:55:58,339
indigenous households
experienced

1477
00:55:58,339 --> 00:56:00,919
extreme hazard exposure
to landslides that

1478
00:56:00,919 --> 00:56:02,660
created cracks and fissures

1479
00:56:02,660 --> 00:56:04,070
in pastured fields,

1480
00:56:04,070 --> 00:56:06,620
forest and trails, and
in the worst cases,

1481
00:56:06,620 --> 00:56:08,869
covered entire
settlements, forcing

1482
00:56:08,869 --> 00:56:10,489
displacement to camps and

1483
00:56:10,489 --> 00:56:12,620
potentially future
relocation.

1484
00:56:12,620 --> 00:56:14,660
Place-based
livelihoods such as

1485
00:56:14,660 --> 00:56:16,939
hurting and forest
product collection,

1486
00:56:16,939 --> 00:56:18,350
where therefore
significantly

1487
00:56:18,350 --> 00:56:20,060
impacted and
slow to recover.

1488
00:56:20,060 --> 00:56:21,660
Not unexpected.

1489
00:56:21,660 --> 00:56:23,529
Displacement occurred
for homes and

1490
00:56:23,529 --> 00:56:26,034
place-based livelihoods
for all locations,

1491
00:56:26,034 --> 00:56:28,359
with some returning
to our lives faster

1492
00:56:28,359 --> 00:56:30,760
using local and
indigenous knowledge.

1493
00:56:30,760 --> 00:56:33,955
Summed remaining camps
for up to 2.5 years.

1494
00:56:33,955 --> 00:56:35,590
Indigenous and
local knowledge

1495
00:56:35,590 --> 00:56:36,370
that developed in

1496
00:56:36,370 --> 00:56:38,560
these circumstances
was the use to

1497
00:56:38,560 --> 00:56:40,945
mitigate the impact
of these disasters,

1498
00:56:40,945 --> 00:56:43,480
helping them to
recover faster.

1499
00:56:43,480 --> 00:56:45,670
Third, settlements
further from

1500
00:56:45,670 --> 00:56:47,935
the road and with
less outside aid,

1501
00:56:47,935 --> 00:56:49,810
utilize the
cultural tradition

1502
00:56:49,810 --> 00:56:51,369
of mutual aid through

1503
00:56:51,369 --> 00:56:53,769
work exchange to
help the poorest and

1504
00:56:53,769 --> 00:56:55,450
most marginal in
their settlements

1505
00:56:55,450 --> 00:56:56,935
to rebuild their homes.

1506
00:56:56,935 --> 00:56:58,674
This showed that
they are not

1507
00:56:58,674 --> 00:57:00,639
passive victims of
the earthquakes,

1508
00:57:00,639 --> 00:57:02,020
but instead an active

1509
00:57:02,020 --> 00:57:04,005
agents in their recovery.

1510
00:57:04,005 --> 00:57:05,809
Indigenous
knowledge was also

1511
00:57:05,809 --> 00:57:07,430
operationalize to rebuild

1512
00:57:07,430 --> 00:57:09,500
homes and place-based
livelihoods

1513
00:57:09,500 --> 00:57:11,030
for these survivors.

1514
00:57:11,030 --> 00:57:12,860
However, few, if any of

1515
00:57:12,860 --> 00:57:15,335
the newly rebuilt or
repaired homes met

1516
00:57:15,335 --> 00:57:17,089
a new building
codes created by

1517
00:57:17,089 --> 00:57:18,830
the nepal government after

1518
00:57:18,830 --> 00:57:21,110
the earthquakes during
the time of the study.

1519
00:57:21,110 --> 00:57:23,119
Therefore, most
households utilize

1520
00:57:23,119 --> 00:57:24,845
the government
rebuilding program

1521
00:57:24,845 --> 00:57:26,090
to build a structure that

1522
00:57:26,090 --> 00:57:28,369
met the new building
codes that were often

1523
00:57:28,369 --> 00:57:31,355
very small because the
funds given to them,

1524
00:57:31,355 --> 00:57:33,350
We're not worth
as much because

1525
00:57:33,350 --> 00:57:35,330
of the high slopes
that they lived on

1526
00:57:35,330 --> 00:57:37,039
and the inflation that

1527
00:57:37,039 --> 00:57:38,000
occurred because of

1528
00:57:38,000 --> 00:57:39,574
their lack of road access.

1529
00:57:39,574 --> 00:57:40,580
What you're looking at in

1530
00:57:40,580 --> 00:57:41,959
this photo or a
folks building

1531
00:57:41,959 --> 00:57:43,039
a miniature house to

1532
00:57:43,039 --> 00:57:44,419
the building codes because

1533
00:57:44,419 --> 00:57:46,114
that is all that
they could afford.

1534
00:57:46,114 --> 00:57:48,260
They're all using
mutual aid,

1535
00:57:48,260 --> 00:57:49,759
a cultural tradition within

1536
00:57:49,759 --> 00:57:50,870
their settlement

1537
00:57:50,870 --> 00:57:52,279
and within their
ethnic group.

1538
00:57:52,279 --> 00:57:55,025
And none of them are
trained carpenters.

1539
00:57:55,025 --> 00:57:56,629
Many of our participants

1540
00:57:56,629 --> 00:57:57,499
felt that even though they

1541
00:57:57,499 --> 00:57:58,519
returned to their homes

1542
00:57:58,519 --> 00:58:00,319
faster using
local knowledge,

1543
00:58:00,319 --> 00:58:01,580
they continued
to struggle to

1544
00:58:01,580 --> 00:58:03,244
put their lives
back together.

1545
00:58:03,244 --> 00:58:04,879
This reinforces the point

1546
00:58:04,879 --> 00:58:06,604
that help was necessary.

1547
00:58:06,604 --> 00:58:07,909
However, if it took

1548
00:58:07,909 --> 00:58:09,485
into account
local knowledge,

1549
00:58:09,485 --> 00:58:10,819
it would seemingly be more

1550
00:58:10,819 --> 00:58:14,689
effective forth
accessibility by road and

1551
00:58:14,689 --> 00:58:15,859
having more aid did

1552
00:58:15,859 --> 00:58:17,510
not necessarily equate with

1553
00:58:17,510 --> 00:58:20,855
better recovery outcomes
in one location.

1554
00:58:20,855 --> 00:58:24,170
With rode, with road access

1555
00:58:24,170 --> 00:58:25,249
and a considerable
amount of

1556
00:58:25,249 --> 00:58:27,049
outside aid from NGOs.

1557
00:58:27,049 --> 00:58:29,435
Community members
waited for help from

1558
00:58:29,435 --> 00:58:32,285
outside rather than
recovering themselves.

1559
00:58:32,285 --> 00:58:34,130
This cause most
households to

1560
00:58:34,130 --> 00:58:36,304
remain and temporary
shelters longer,

1561
00:58:36,304 --> 00:58:37,880
which made them
vulnerable to

1562
00:58:37,880 --> 00:58:41,030
extreme weather such as
snow and windstorms.

1563
00:58:41,030 --> 00:58:42,950
The road and aid created

1564
00:58:42,950 --> 00:58:45,259
a situation where
expectations

1565
00:58:45,259 --> 00:58:48,769
influence folks to wait

1566
00:58:48,769 --> 00:58:50,420
for aid rather than recover

1567
00:58:50,420 --> 00:58:52,490
with their own knowledge
and practices.

1568
00:58:52,490 --> 00:58:54,019
The aid that did come with

1569
00:58:54,019 --> 00:58:55,879
relief materials
such as tarps or

1570
00:58:55,879 --> 00:58:58,099
food and appeared
unsustainable

1571
00:58:58,099 --> 00:58:59,869
in the eyes of
our participants.

1572
00:58:59,869 --> 00:59:02,540
It also rarely if at
all, took it into a top.

1573
00:59:02,540 --> 00:59:04,924
It took into account
local knowledge.

1574
00:59:04,924 --> 00:59:07,369
What are the
next steps then?

1575
00:59:07,369 --> 00:59:09,080
Disasters are produced by

1576
00:59:09,080 --> 00:59:11,165
power in history, Place,

1577
00:59:11,165 --> 00:59:13,339
Culture and money
matter for a bus for

1578
00:59:13,339 --> 00:59:14,960
recovery and any chance

1579
00:59:14,960 --> 00:59:16,370
of building back better.

1580
00:59:16,370 --> 00:59:18,320
Root causes of
vulnerability

1581
00:59:18,320 --> 00:59:19,400
need to be taken into

1582
00:59:19,400 --> 00:59:22,445
account to better
respond to these events.

1583
00:59:22,445 --> 00:59:25,010
Social inequality
and spatial dynamics

1584
00:59:25,010 --> 00:59:27,184
intersect when a
disaster occurs,

1585
00:59:27,184 --> 00:59:28,999
which cause the poor
and vulnerable to

1586
00:59:28,999 --> 00:59:31,340
experience these
disasters the worst,

1587
00:59:31,340 --> 00:59:33,079
especially
indigenous and rule

1588
00:59:33,079 --> 00:59:35,419
peoples and
biophysical extremes.

1589
00:59:35,419 --> 00:59:37,099
Disasters are also helped

1590
00:59:37,099 --> 00:59:38,179
bring to the surface

1591
00:59:38,179 --> 00:59:41,254
fundamental inequalities
in our societies.

1592
00:59:41,254 --> 00:59:43,970
Identifying these
root causes can drive

1593
00:59:43,970 --> 00:59:46,310
transformative
change when power

1594
00:59:46,310 --> 00:59:47,659
and historical dynamics

1595
00:59:47,659 --> 00:59:49,204
are taken into account,

1596
00:59:49,204 --> 00:59:51,139
indigenous and
local knowledge can

1597
00:59:51,139 --> 00:59:53,120
assist in making
disaster relief and

1598
00:59:53,120 --> 00:59:55,460
recovery more
effective and provide

1599
00:59:55,460 --> 00:59:57,394
resilience to
mitigate impacts

1600
00:59:57,394 --> 00:59:59,314
when disasters do occur.

1601
00:59:59,314 --> 01:00:01,429
Remember, one size does

1602
01:00:01,429 --> 01:00:03,289
not fit all the rule and

1603
01:00:03,289 --> 01:00:04,340
disease rule in

1604
01:00:04,340 --> 01:00:08,310
indigenous disaster
recovery. Thank you.

1605
01:00:11,530 --> 01:00:13,910
Thank you so much Jeremy.

1606
01:00:13,910 --> 01:00:15,484
Again, as I know,

1607
01:00:15,484 --> 01:00:17,149
a lot of questions are
starting to come in,

1608
01:00:17,149 --> 01:00:18,574
so so please drop

1609
01:00:18,574 --> 01:00:20,900
any questions you
have in the Q&A box.

1610
01:00:20,900 --> 01:00:23,135
Or you can also drop
them in the chat box.

1611
01:00:23,135 --> 01:00:24,710
We're starting to archiving
the back and then

1612
01:00:24,710 --> 01:00:25,339
we'll have

1613
01:00:25,339 --> 01:00:26,960
a great panel
discussion afterwards.

1614
01:00:26,960 --> 01:00:29,330
So please, Next up,
we have Dr. Jolla,

1615
01:00:29,330 --> 01:00:31,175
a Javadoc,
Assistant Professor

1616
01:00:31,175 --> 01:00:32,870
in PSUs, geography
department,

1617
01:00:32,870 --> 01:00:41,929
go with

1618
01:00:41,929 --> 01:00:44,390
our agenda and
racial equality.

1619
01:00:44,390 --> 01:00:45,980
We cannot achieve

1620
01:00:45,980 --> 01:00:48,829
all sustained
community resilience.

1621
01:00:48,829 --> 01:00:50,719
I want to introduce you to

1622
01:00:50,719 --> 01:00:53,104
somebody I met in money.

1623
01:00:53,104 --> 01:00:54,754
Money lies a CD of

1624
01:00:54,754 --> 01:00:56,479
that scene, million people.

1625
01:00:56,479 --> 01:00:58,219
A name is Chris cell by

1626
01:00:58,219 --> 01:01:00,440
trained personnel is one

1627
01:01:00,440 --> 01:01:02,090
of those people we would

1628
01:01:02,090 --> 01:01:05,329
label vulnerable
because she grew up in

1629
01:01:05,329 --> 01:01:07,250
an informal
settlements and in

1630
01:01:07,250 --> 01:01:09,320
a low-income community in

1631
01:01:09,320 --> 01:01:12,230
the district of Sri
Lanka and in Manila.

1632
01:01:12,230 --> 01:01:15,109
Purcell became a
community leader

1633
01:01:15,109 --> 01:01:17,899
after Typhoon on DOI chalk.

1634
01:01:17,899 --> 01:01:21,230
In 2009, it affected 4.9

1635
01:01:21,230 --> 01:01:25,550
million people and
over 600 people die.

1636
01:01:25,550 --> 01:01:27,799
The morning after
the typhoon,

1637
01:01:27,799 --> 01:01:31,339
she woke up and our
district was inundated,

1638
01:01:31,339 --> 01:01:33,349
which was chatted,
and to let

1639
01:01:33,349 --> 01:01:36,334
people in our community
lost their lives.

1640
01:01:36,334 --> 01:01:39,500
That was when Chris
sell roasted Holland.

1641
01:01:39,500 --> 01:01:41,479
And she said, I feel it's

1642
01:01:41,479 --> 01:01:43,760
my personal responsibility

1643
01:01:43,760 --> 01:01:45,979
to protect my community.

1644
01:01:45,979 --> 01:01:48,829
Just like resell
the typhoon out.

1645
01:01:48,829 --> 01:01:51,664
What CAN in many
people, compassion.

1646
01:01:51,664 --> 01:01:54,769
Solidarity, unity,
and a sense of

1647
01:01:54,769 --> 01:01:58,415
duty to walk together
to build a new future.

1648
01:01:58,415 --> 01:02:01,684
We've seen similar
experiences in potlatch,

1649
01:02:01,684 --> 01:02:03,259
particularly in the days

1650
01:02:03,259 --> 01:02:04,639
after a snowstorm and

1651
01:02:04,639 --> 01:02:06,275
also after the
power outages

1652
01:02:06,275 --> 01:02:07,849
that we experienced
recently,

1653
01:02:07,849 --> 01:02:10,399
many people came together
to exchange goods,

1654
01:02:10,399 --> 01:02:13,400
blankets, firewood,
water, and module.

1655
01:02:13,400 --> 01:02:16,114
In the case of resell,

1656
01:02:16,114 --> 01:02:19,130
after becoming the
leader within HES,

1657
01:02:19,130 --> 01:02:20,570
should transform
a community

1658
01:02:20,570 --> 01:02:21,500
from a place where

1659
01:02:21,500 --> 01:02:24,095
people struggle to
have access to food,

1660
01:02:24,095 --> 01:02:25,595
trial, access to job.

1661
01:02:25,595 --> 01:02:28,279
She made it a
point of duty that

1662
01:02:28,279 --> 01:02:29,180
people had access to

1663
01:02:29,180 --> 01:02:31,310
social and economic
opportunity,

1664
01:02:31,310 --> 01:02:34,289
particularly for women
and for the poor.

1665
01:02:34,289 --> 01:02:37,270
Resell, increase the
minimum wages of

1666
01:02:37,270 --> 01:02:38,620
the Baran guy walk as

1667
01:02:38,620 --> 01:02:40,525
that's the dispute
where she worked.

1668
01:02:40,525 --> 01:02:43,255
She implemented
childcare programs,

1669
01:02:43,255 --> 01:02:45,369
street cleaning
initiatives.

1670
01:02:45,369 --> 01:02:47,409
You flip images is

1671
01:02:47,409 --> 01:02:51,295
stockpiles and as an
monitoring programs.

1672
01:02:51,295 --> 01:02:54,129
In 2008, seen salon GAN

1673
01:02:54,129 --> 01:02:55,239
where Christelle
grew up on,

1674
01:02:55,239 --> 01:02:57,490
which works won an award

1675
01:02:57,490 --> 01:02:58,900
for being one of
the cleanest,

1676
01:02:58,900 --> 01:03:01,389
safest place to be
even walk and play.

1677
01:03:01,389 --> 01:03:03,325
In Metro Manila.

1678
01:03:03,325 --> 01:03:06,850
However, in January 2019,

1679
01:03:06,850 --> 01:03:10,900
Purcell was gone down
by four gunmen in

1680
01:03:10,900 --> 01:03:13,420
enabling me to I
report suggests

1681
01:03:13,420 --> 01:03:16,589
that a debt was
politically motivated.

1682
01:03:16,589 --> 01:03:20,240
But why am I telling you
about Purcell today?

1683
01:03:20,240 --> 01:03:22,400
There are a few
take home messages

1684
01:03:22,400 --> 01:03:24,305
I really want to
share with you.

1685
01:03:24,305 --> 01:03:27,590
One is that there are
no vulnerable groups.

1686
01:03:27,590 --> 01:03:30,289
Calling a group of
people vulnerable is

1687
01:03:30,289 --> 01:03:32,869
an exclusionary
language that applies.

1688
01:03:32,869 --> 01:03:36,259
A deficit lens implies
a reduced quality of

1689
01:03:36,259 --> 01:03:37,999
life and suggest

1690
01:03:37,999 --> 01:03:40,370
assumption regarding
people's class,

1691
01:03:40,370 --> 01:03:43,595
race, ethnicity,
or odd identities.

1692
01:03:43,595 --> 01:03:46,354
But also it,
people resilience

1693
01:03:46,354 --> 01:03:48,289
may be wass or straights in

1694
01:03:48,289 --> 01:03:49,430
Washington said after

1695
01:03:49,430 --> 01:03:50,840
the flooding Xian as she's

1696
01:03:50,840 --> 01:03:52,310
that stop calling
me resilient

1697
01:03:52,310 --> 01:03:54,919
because every time you
say I'm resilient,

1698
01:03:54,919 --> 01:03:57,424
you are trying to do
something House to me.

1699
01:03:57,424 --> 01:03:59,450
I am not resilient.

1700
01:03:59,450 --> 01:04:01,400
But what do I mean not to

1701
01:04:01,400 --> 01:04:03,485
call people
vulnerable or a CA?

1702
01:04:03,485 --> 01:04:05,974
What I mean is that
we need to avoid

1703
01:04:05,974 --> 01:04:08,149
labeling people
and focused on

1704
01:04:08,149 --> 01:04:09,830
acknowledging the
past arms and

1705
01:04:09,830 --> 01:04:12,379
injustices that
have intentionally

1706
01:04:12,379 --> 01:04:14,690
put certain groups
of people at

1707
01:04:14,690 --> 01:04:16,010
higher risk of natural

1708
01:04:16,010 --> 01:04:18,575
and socially
induced disasters.

1709
01:04:18,575 --> 01:04:20,270
Number two, we need

1710
01:04:20,270 --> 01:04:22,250
to recognize
that resilience

1711
01:04:22,250 --> 01:04:24,275
is and put up the decisions

1712
01:04:24,275 --> 01:04:26,539
negotiated over time.

1713
01:04:26,539 --> 01:04:29,315
Resilience and
vulnerability.

1714
01:04:29,315 --> 01:04:31,339
I'm not accidental,

1715
01:04:31,339 --> 01:04:33,470
but orient said
in formal and

1716
01:04:33,470 --> 01:04:35,660
inform our decisions made

1717
01:04:35,660 --> 01:04:38,660
by some people on
behalf of Addis.

1718
01:04:38,660 --> 01:04:41,225
Slavery, colonialism,

1719
01:04:41,225 --> 01:04:43,730
land appropriation,
loss, red lining,

1720
01:04:43,730 --> 01:04:45,740
and all exclusionary
policies and

1721
01:04:45,740 --> 01:04:47,569
practices have effects on

1722
01:04:47,569 --> 01:04:49,550
our society to dates.

1723
01:04:49,550 --> 01:04:52,925
When we choose neoliberal
economic systems

1724
01:04:52,925 --> 01:04:55,099
over the climates.

1725
01:04:55,099 --> 01:04:57,650
When we choose to invest
in Wall Street or by

1726
01:04:57,650 --> 01:05:00,800
health care in
wealthy communities,

1727
01:05:00,800 --> 01:05:03,395
or by improving social
services for all.

1728
01:05:03,395 --> 01:05:05,150
When we build houses for

1729
01:05:05,150 --> 01:05:06,605
capital accumulation

1730
01:05:06,605 --> 01:05:08,374
and not for housing people,

1731
01:05:08,374 --> 01:05:10,069
we already predetermine

1732
01:05:10,069 --> 01:05:11,779
the outcome of a hazard.

1733
01:05:11,779 --> 01:05:14,449
We all ready lay
the foundation

1734
01:05:14,449 --> 01:05:18,050
for generational
environmental disasters.

1735
01:05:18,050 --> 01:05:21,575
Theories of
discrimination, right,

1736
01:05:21,575 --> 01:05:23,179
ultimately translates into

1737
01:05:23,179 --> 01:05:25,100
poor social outcomes and

1738
01:05:25,100 --> 01:05:26,539
relegates setting groups of

1739
01:05:26,539 --> 01:05:29,195
people to a lifetime
of low economic,

1740
01:05:29,195 --> 01:05:32,150
educational, health and
housing conditions.

1741
01:05:32,150 --> 01:05:34,565
Which means
inquiry disasters

1742
01:05:34,565 --> 01:05:35,899
or increase
vulnerability to

1743
01:05:35,899 --> 01:05:38,225
disasters or by a lifetime.

1744
01:05:38,225 --> 01:05:40,849
But what should we
do about this issue?

1745
01:05:40,849 --> 01:05:43,040
You may actually, there

1746
01:05:43,040 --> 01:05:44,989
are a few things we can
do and think about.

1747
01:05:44,989 --> 01:05:46,969
One is that we have to

1748
01:05:46,969 --> 01:05:49,010
realized that we need to

1749
01:05:49,010 --> 01:05:51,139
dismantle the system
that has ensured

1750
01:05:51,139 --> 01:05:54,364
resilience for some
and not for others.

1751
01:05:54,364 --> 01:05:57,619
Son of a few
resilient individuals

1752
01:05:57,619 --> 01:06:01,025
does not translates to
a resilient community.

1753
01:06:01,025 --> 01:06:03,964
People are
resilient together.

1754
01:06:03,964 --> 01:06:06,454
We must work together
to build the future,

1755
01:06:06,454 --> 01:06:08,390
the ones that future,

1756
01:06:08,390 --> 01:06:11,059
that includes improved
water systems,

1757
01:06:11,059 --> 01:06:13,190
include infrastructure
system,

1758
01:06:13,190 --> 01:06:16,249
improve our scene
for all food access,

1759
01:06:16,249 --> 01:06:17,839
for all healthcare
services,

1760
01:06:17,839 --> 01:06:20,299
for all transportation
and communication,

1761
01:06:20,299 --> 01:06:22,010
for role and particularly

1762
01:06:22,010 --> 01:06:24,305
for marginalized
communities.

1763
01:06:24,305 --> 01:06:27,440
Number 2, crisis often

1764
01:06:27,440 --> 01:06:28,729
presents a window of

1765
01:06:28,729 --> 01:06:31,594
opportunity to
build a new future.

1766
01:06:31,594 --> 01:06:33,470
Or it also can mean that

1767
01:06:33,470 --> 01:06:35,494
we may maintain
the status quo.

1768
01:06:35,494 --> 01:06:38,119
The COVID-19 crisis
that we're all

1769
01:06:38,119 --> 01:06:41,284
experiencing right now
is one of such crisis.

1770
01:06:41,284 --> 01:06:43,370
Black and Latinos are

1771
01:06:43,370 --> 01:06:45,140
three times more
likely than whites to

1772
01:06:45,140 --> 01:06:48,200
be obstinate allies
because of COVID-19 and

1773
01:06:48,200 --> 01:06:51,635
1.5 times likely to
die from the virus.

1774
01:06:51,635 --> 01:06:54,004
Indigenous communities,
I've also been

1775
01:06:54,004 --> 01:06:56,585
eat odd by this virus,

1776
01:06:56,585 --> 01:06:58,789
both by the
physical toll and

1777
01:06:58,789 --> 01:07:01,265
the economic toll
of this pandemic.

1778
01:07:01,265 --> 01:07:03,320
Many of these issues,

1779
01:07:03,320 --> 01:07:05,494
a non luxury
based exposures.

1780
01:07:05,494 --> 01:07:07,159
Black and Latino people

1781
01:07:07,159 --> 01:07:08,089
and indigenous people did

1782
01:07:08,089 --> 01:07:10,805
not choose to expose
themselves to COVID-19.

1783
01:07:10,805 --> 01:07:12,484
Some of the exposures are

1784
01:07:12,484 --> 01:07:14,509
actually born out
of necessity,

1785
01:07:14,509 --> 01:07:16,700
often because people
have to choose

1786
01:07:16,700 --> 01:07:18,679
between paying the
abuse or weeks

1787
01:07:18,679 --> 01:07:20,149
in exposure in places where

1788
01:07:20,149 --> 01:07:23,390
the walk and particularly
in low-income jobs.

1789
01:07:23,390 --> 01:07:26,194
Women have also
been eat hot.

1790
01:07:26,194 --> 01:07:28,849
I know women are not
an homogeneous group,

1791
01:07:28,849 --> 01:07:30,754
but we also know
that many women

1792
01:07:30,754 --> 01:07:32,329
bear the destruction
of repercussion,

1793
01:07:32,329 --> 01:07:35,524
a button of childcare
during this pandemic,

1794
01:07:35,524 --> 01:07:37,760
many have lost their jobs.

1795
01:07:37,760 --> 01:07:39,679
Particularly those Walk in

1796
01:07:39,679 --> 01:07:42,634
small businesses or
small business owners,

1797
01:07:42,634 --> 01:07:45,139
or those who walk
in society sector.

1798
01:07:45,139 --> 01:07:47,150
Another issue too, we must

1799
01:07:47,150 --> 01:07:48,680
bear in mind is that race

1800
01:07:48,680 --> 01:07:49,790
and income tend to

1801
01:07:49,790 --> 01:07:51,830
determine access
to resources,

1802
01:07:51,830 --> 01:07:53,585
particularly in
this country,

1803
01:07:53,585 --> 01:07:56,059
on the issue of
vaccination.

1804
01:07:56,059 --> 01:07:58,430
Just over 5% of

1805
01:07:58,430 --> 01:07:59,569
the total number of people

1806
01:07:59,569 --> 01:08:01,444
vaccinated and black,

1807
01:08:01,444 --> 01:08:06,274
while 60% of those
fascinated our whites.

1808
01:08:06,274 --> 01:08:08,660
Of course, we know that

1809
01:08:08,660 --> 01:08:10,580
black low-income
families don't

1810
01:08:10,580 --> 01:08:13,295
have access to high
internet speed.

1811
01:08:13,295 --> 01:08:15,725
Some or many do not
even have personnel,

1812
01:08:15,725 --> 01:08:16,505
doctors,

1813
01:08:16,505 --> 01:08:18,604
or even pharmacy in
their neighborhoods.

1814
01:08:18,604 --> 01:08:20,749
And all of this
correct barriers to

1815
01:08:20,749 --> 01:08:23,855
even accessing the
COVID-19 vaccine.

1816
01:08:23,855 --> 01:08:27,349
The COVID-19 crisis is
another reminder that

1817
01:08:27,349 --> 01:08:30,229
our current political
economy system and

1818
01:08:30,229 --> 01:08:32,239
also our solutions to

1819
01:08:32,239 --> 01:08:34,115
some of the problems
that have an edge.

1820
01:08:34,115 --> 01:08:35,540
I still unjust.

1821
01:08:35,540 --> 01:08:38,075
Unsustainable
under perpetuates

1822
01:08:38,075 --> 01:08:40,444
inequitable resilience.

1823
01:08:40,444 --> 01:08:42,709
Just like resell,
but shrine,

1824
01:08:42,709 --> 01:08:44,149
we need to walk with

1825
01:08:44,149 --> 01:08:46,099
communities to build
their capacity

1826
01:08:46,099 --> 01:08:49,715
to resist the AMS come
by climate change,

1827
01:08:49,715 --> 01:08:52,610
the harms caused by
COVID-19 pandemic,

1828
01:08:52,610 --> 01:08:54,694
and also the harms caused

1829
01:08:54,694 --> 01:08:58,039
by our dominant political
economy system.

1830
01:08:58,039 --> 01:08:59,960
I believe that

1831
01:08:59,960 --> 01:09:01,910
corrective measures
to address many of

1832
01:09:01,910 --> 01:09:03,889
this problem was
not be seen as

1833
01:09:03,889 --> 01:09:06,410
an handouts or a social
welfare program.

1834
01:09:06,410 --> 01:09:08,360
They must be seen as

1835
01:09:08,360 --> 01:09:11,194
measures for
reparative justice.

1836
01:09:11,194 --> 01:09:13,700
This form of justice

1837
01:09:13,700 --> 01:09:15,980
requires approaching
people with

1838
01:09:15,980 --> 01:09:17,330
a sense of humanity,

1839
01:09:17,330 --> 01:09:19,175
our shared humanity,

1840
01:09:19,175 --> 01:09:22,355
a sense of dignity
and respect.

1841
01:09:22,355 --> 01:09:24,799
It also means building
the strengths and

1842
01:09:24,799 --> 01:09:27,455
assets of these communities

1843
01:09:27,455 --> 01:09:30,049
while resistant the
temptations to be

1844
01:09:30,049 --> 01:09:34,504
biased also reinforce
stereotypes or labels.

1845
01:09:34,504 --> 01:09:36,199
We need to continue to

1846
01:09:36,199 --> 01:09:38,030
create avenues
of descent so

1847
01:09:38,030 --> 01:09:40,520
against the dominant
system that privileges

1848
01:09:40,520 --> 01:09:42,440
some people and allows

1849
01:09:42,440 --> 01:09:44,299
them to be more
resilient than others.

1850
01:09:44,299 --> 01:09:46,399
And that reinforces
the establishment

1851
01:09:46,399 --> 01:09:48,290
that hasn't
worked for many.

1852
01:09:48,290 --> 01:09:50,120
We need to find ways to

1853
01:09:50,120 --> 01:09:52,689
negotiate new pathways
for a better,

1854
01:09:52,689 --> 01:09:54,200
an equitable, and adjust,

1855
01:09:54,200 --> 01:09:55,984
and a greener future.

1856
01:09:55,984 --> 01:09:58,519
We need to create a
pipeline of purcell by

1857
01:09:58,519 --> 01:10:02,284
trends so that the
walk never stops it.

1858
01:10:02,284 --> 01:10:04,414
But when one of
us is I list,

1859
01:10:04,414 --> 01:10:06,634
we cannot all be stopped.

1860
01:10:06,634 --> 01:10:08,839
I believe we have

1861
01:10:08,839 --> 01:10:09,919
an opportunity to

1862
01:10:09,919 --> 01:10:11,780
change the course
of history.

1863
01:10:11,780 --> 01:10:15,964
I believe an alternative
world is possible.

1864
01:10:15,964 --> 01:10:18,410
This world is
calling on you.

1865
01:10:18,410 --> 01:10:21,289
It's calling me to
seize the moment.

1866
01:10:21,289 --> 01:10:26,970
The question is, are
we ready? Thank you.

1867
01:10:29,680 --> 01:10:35,450
Thank you so much. Next
up, we have Barbara.

1868
01:10:35,450 --> 01:10:37,079
Barbara,

1869
01:10:50,460 --> 01:10:52,839
I'm coming looking

1870
01:10:52,839 --> 01:10:57,980
for my lines. Go.

1871
01:11:04,320 --> 01:11:07,824
Hello everybody.
How are you?

1872
01:11:07,824 --> 01:11:10,269
I know you're out
there and God knows,

1873
01:11:10,269 --> 01:11:11,620
we want to be in
a room together.

1874
01:11:11,620 --> 01:11:13,629
So let's pretend we are.

1875
01:11:13,629 --> 01:11:16,165
I have some
questions for you.

1876
01:11:16,165 --> 01:11:19,389
If you have ever
felt resilient,

1877
01:11:19,389 --> 01:11:21,680
please raise your hand.

1878
01:11:23,040 --> 01:11:26,050
Thank you. If you have

1879
01:11:26,050 --> 01:11:28,434
ever felt not resilient,

1880
01:11:28,434 --> 01:11:33,620
please raise your
hand. Thank you.

1881
01:11:33,720 --> 01:11:36,370
So I am assuming that most,

1882
01:11:36,370 --> 01:11:37,659
if not all of you,

1883
01:11:37,659 --> 01:11:39,684
raised your hand
both times.

1884
01:11:39,684 --> 01:11:41,199
So congratulations.

1885
01:11:41,199 --> 01:11:43,600
In the first 10
seconds of this talk,

1886
01:11:43,600 --> 01:11:44,740
you'll have debunk one of

1887
01:11:44,740 --> 01:11:46,390
the myths about resilience.

1888
01:11:46,390 --> 01:11:47,889
That people are either

1889
01:11:47,889 --> 01:11:49,975
resilient or they're not.

1890
01:11:49,975 --> 01:11:51,939
And if there's
one thing I want

1891
01:11:51,939 --> 01:11:53,470
you to get from
my talk tonight,

1892
01:11:53,470 --> 01:11:55,149
I want you to
understand that

1893
01:11:55,149 --> 01:11:58,224
resilience can be
learned and developed.

1894
01:11:58,224 --> 01:12:00,669
I'm a psychologist, I'm

1895
01:12:00,669 --> 01:12:02,409
a professor of
conflict resolution,

1896
01:12:02,409 --> 01:12:04,530
I'm a trainer and
I'm a facilitator.

1897
01:12:04,530 --> 01:12:06,590
For many years I've
worked with groups all

1898
01:12:06,590 --> 01:12:07,340
around the world in

1899
01:12:07,340 --> 01:12:09,364
many different capacities.

1900
01:12:09,364 --> 01:12:12,959
I've worked with
refugee communities.

1901
01:12:13,300 --> 01:12:16,520
I've worked with climate
change scientists

1902
01:12:16,520 --> 01:12:19,919
and policymakers and
community leaders.

1903
01:12:20,140 --> 01:12:24,420
I've worked with climate
change educators.

1904
01:12:25,000 --> 01:12:27,530
I've worked with lawyers

1905
01:12:27,530 --> 01:12:30,599
and conflict resolution
professionals.

1906
01:12:31,300 --> 01:12:34,010
And I've worked with
community leaders

1907
01:12:34,010 --> 01:12:36,269
and organizational leaders.

1908
01:12:37,660 --> 01:12:39,740
So what do all of these

1909
01:12:39,740 --> 01:12:41,464
people have in common?

1910
01:12:41,464 --> 01:12:43,340
They are all living and

1911
01:12:43,340 --> 01:12:44,779
working in conditions of

1912
01:12:44,779 --> 01:12:48,629
change, uncertainty,
and challenge.

1913
01:12:48,940 --> 01:12:50,884
And you may have noticed

1914
01:12:50,884 --> 01:12:52,069
that in some of
these pictures

1915
01:12:52,069 --> 01:12:54,665
people were doing some
fairly unusual things.

1916
01:12:54,665 --> 01:12:56,150
I have people throwing

1917
01:12:56,150 --> 01:12:58,610
invisible balls at
each other and telling

1918
01:12:58,610 --> 01:13:01,129
fantastical stories
and pretending to

1919
01:13:01,129 --> 01:13:02,524
be suns and moons

1920
01:13:02,524 --> 01:13:04,205
and running
around the room.

1921
01:13:04,205 --> 01:13:06,980
Why? Because one of

1922
01:13:06,980 --> 01:13:08,029
the tools I use with

1923
01:13:08,029 --> 01:13:09,530
them and without question,

1924
01:13:09,530 --> 01:13:10,999
one of the most
valuable tools

1925
01:13:10,999 --> 01:13:14,210
I have is improvisation.

1926
01:13:14,210 --> 01:13:18,260
That's right.
Improvisation. While I

1927
01:13:18,260 --> 01:13:20,629
have performed
and survived it,

1928
01:13:20,629 --> 01:13:22,400
as did the audience.

1929
01:13:22,400 --> 01:13:24,319
I'm more importantly and

1930
01:13:24,319 --> 01:13:25,834
applied and her advisor,

1931
01:13:25,834 --> 01:13:26,989
which means I use

1932
01:13:26,989 --> 01:13:29,780
improvisation
methods, mindsets,

1933
01:13:29,780 --> 01:13:32,150
principles and
activities in all

1934
01:13:32,150 --> 01:13:32,990
of my work with

1935
01:13:32,990 --> 01:13:35,074
organizations
and communities.

1936
01:13:35,074 --> 01:13:35,869
And for

1937
01:13:35,869 --> 01:13:37,489
the last seven years
I've been working

1938
01:13:37,489 --> 01:13:38,839
extensively with climate

1939
01:13:38,839 --> 01:13:40,429
change organizations,

1940
01:13:40,429 --> 01:13:42,979
supporting them in
developing tools and

1941
01:13:42,979 --> 01:13:45,875
methods for resilience
and adaptation,

1942
01:13:45,875 --> 01:13:47,449
both for the organizations

1943
01:13:47,449 --> 01:13:48,649
themselves and

1944
01:13:48,649 --> 01:13:50,660
the communities
they work with.

1945
01:13:50,660 --> 01:13:52,879
Now you might
be and probably

1946
01:13:52,879 --> 01:13:54,950
should be wondering how

1947
01:13:54,950 --> 01:13:56,959
improvisation has
anything to do with

1948
01:13:56,959 --> 01:13:59,345
climate change
or resilience.

1949
01:13:59,345 --> 01:14:02,580
Well, trust me a lot.

1950
01:14:04,650 --> 01:14:07,839
So in resilience work
that I've done with

1951
01:14:07,839 --> 01:14:10,614
my brilliant colleague
of mine in Berlin.

1952
01:14:10,614 --> 01:14:13,359
We focused on supporting
people in developing

1953
01:14:13,359 --> 01:14:15,384
competencies to strengthen

1954
01:14:15,384 --> 01:14:17,889
their skills in
these areas.

1955
01:14:17,889 --> 01:14:18,999
If I move this,

1956
01:14:18,999 --> 01:14:20,245
what you can see
the whole thing.

1957
01:14:20,245 --> 01:14:23,990
Notice that improvisation
is at the very top.

1958
01:14:25,320 --> 01:14:27,730
Now. Well, we
could spend hours

1959
01:14:27,730 --> 01:14:29,169
on each of these things.

1960
01:14:29,169 --> 01:14:30,429
We're going to focus on

1961
01:14:30,429 --> 01:14:31,959
improvisation
tonight because one,

1962
01:14:31,959 --> 01:14:34,989
I think it is the most
powerful tool we have.

1963
01:14:34,989 --> 01:14:36,939
And two, because
it is actually

1964
01:14:36,939 --> 01:14:40,370
connected to all of
these other things.

1965
01:14:40,980 --> 01:14:43,584
Okay, I have another
question for you.

1966
01:14:43,584 --> 01:14:46,034
How many of you
are improvisers?

1967
01:14:46,034 --> 01:14:49,340
Let's find out. So
I would like you to

1968
01:14:49,340 --> 01:14:50,825
take about 15 seconds

1969
01:14:50,825 --> 01:14:52,639
and look around just space.

1970
01:14:52,639 --> 01:14:54,049
You've been sitting
in this space

1971
01:14:54,049 --> 01:14:55,324
for the last year.

1972
01:14:55,324 --> 01:14:58,849
I want you to just
look around and

1973
01:14:58,849 --> 01:15:00,724
see if you notice anything

1974
01:15:00,724 --> 01:15:02,720
that you haven't
noticed before.

1975
01:15:02,720 --> 01:15:08,779
Go for something
on the wall.

1976
01:15:08,779 --> 01:15:10,744
Is there a rock?

1977
01:15:10,744 --> 01:15:12,350
There's something
in a corner you

1978
01:15:12,350 --> 01:15:14,430
haven't seen before?

1979
01:15:19,150 --> 01:15:22,550
Okay. How many of

1980
01:15:22,550 --> 01:15:25,100
you noticed something
you hadn't seen before?

1981
01:15:25,100 --> 01:15:26,945
I'm guessing many of you,

1982
01:15:26,945 --> 01:15:30,064
and if you didn't, you
didn't fail, right?

1983
01:15:30,064 --> 01:15:32,089
So part of being
an improviser,

1984
01:15:32,089 --> 01:15:34,505
voila, you are
all improvisers.

1985
01:15:34,505 --> 01:15:36,889
Why? Because
improvisers are

1986
01:15:36,889 --> 01:15:39,199
not about being funny.

1987
01:15:39,199 --> 01:15:42,575
Improvisation is
about being present,

1988
01:15:42,575 --> 01:15:44,210
noticing more,

1989
01:15:44,210 --> 01:15:46,910
using what's available
and in front of you.

1990
01:15:46,910 --> 01:15:49,790
Building constructively
on reality,

1991
01:15:49,790 --> 01:15:52,100
being creative,
taking risks,

1992
01:15:52,100 --> 01:15:53,585
being spontaneous,

1993
01:15:53,585 --> 01:15:56,779
using and moving
quickly past mistakes,

1994
01:15:56,779 --> 01:15:58,220
collaborating,

1995
01:15:58,220 --> 01:16:00,680
learning to be comfortable
in uncertainty,

1996
01:16:00,680 --> 01:16:02,480
seeing possibilities,

1997
01:16:02,480 --> 01:16:07,234
and stepping into
the unknown.

1998
01:16:07,234 --> 01:16:09,080
And all of these are

1999
01:16:09,080 --> 01:16:10,339
critical skills for

2000
01:16:10,339 --> 01:16:12,170
individuals, organizations,

2001
01:16:12,170 --> 01:16:14,930
and communities dealing
with both crisis

2002
01:16:14,930 --> 01:16:16,339
and long-term impacts

2003
01:16:16,339 --> 01:16:18,020
of risk and uncertainty.

2004
01:16:18,020 --> 01:16:20,120
We're being agile
in the face of the

2005
01:16:20,120 --> 01:16:22,759
unknown and having to
use what's available,

2006
01:16:22,759 --> 01:16:25,445
or often what they
were pulled to do.

2007
01:16:25,445 --> 01:16:27,499
Now come to think of it

2008
01:16:27,499 --> 01:16:28,894
That's true of all of us.

2009
01:16:28,894 --> 01:16:30,710
Especially this year.

2010
01:16:30,710 --> 01:16:33,740
The need to navigate
uncertainty has less

2011
01:16:33,740 --> 01:16:37,729
left us worn,
weary and afraid.

2012
01:16:37,729 --> 01:16:39,830
Or typical resources and

2013
01:16:39,830 --> 01:16:42,814
reserves have not
been available to us.

2014
01:16:42,814 --> 01:16:45,590
And I'm quite sure that

2015
01:16:45,590 --> 01:16:48,199
my training as an
improviser has allowed

2016
01:16:48,199 --> 01:16:49,894
me to adapt it

2017
01:16:49,894 --> 01:16:51,679
and create in the
moment and be

2018
01:16:51,679 --> 01:16:56,219
resilient in ways I
would never have before.

2019
01:17:02,650 --> 01:17:05,839
And I want to
remind you that

2020
01:17:05,839 --> 01:17:07,219
the great thing is that

2021
01:17:07,219 --> 01:17:09,214
these skills
can be learned.

2022
01:17:09,214 --> 01:17:11,869
We actually strengthen
the muscles

2023
01:17:11,869 --> 01:17:14,689
for resilience when
we exercise them.

2024
01:17:14,689 --> 01:17:19,260
Remember, what we
practice gets stronger.

2025
01:17:19,930 --> 01:17:22,820
And there's research
that shows that we are

2026
01:17:22,820 --> 01:17:25,130
using different parts
of our brain when

2027
01:17:25,130 --> 01:17:27,080
we improvise and
that we are opening

2028
01:17:27,080 --> 01:17:28,639
neuropathways that we

2029
01:17:28,639 --> 01:17:31,559
can strengthen to practice.

2030
01:17:33,970 --> 01:17:36,394
When we think
about resilience,

2031
01:17:36,394 --> 01:17:37,759
we think about
the ability to

2032
01:17:37,759 --> 01:17:39,845
withstand shock or trauma.

2033
01:17:39,845 --> 01:17:41,779
The word resilience
comes from

2034
01:17:41,779 --> 01:17:43,940
the Latin Reza Lear,

2035
01:17:43,940 --> 01:17:48,179
which means to rebound
or bounce back.

2036
01:17:49,000 --> 01:17:51,409
But I would like
to suggest that

2037
01:17:51,409 --> 01:17:53,779
as individuals,
groups, organizations,

2038
01:17:53,779 --> 01:17:55,459
and communities, we almost

2039
01:17:55,459 --> 01:17:58,984
never bounce back to
our former state.

2040
01:17:58,984 --> 01:18:01,579
Rather, through our ability

2041
01:18:01,579 --> 01:18:03,860
to navigate our
experiences.

2042
01:18:03,860 --> 01:18:06,619
We are changed and

2043
01:18:06,619 --> 01:18:10,380
ultimately we
bounce forward.

2044
01:18:11,020 --> 01:18:13,250
In all of my work,

2045
01:18:13,250 --> 01:18:15,080
I always draw a
strong connection

2046
01:18:15,080 --> 01:18:17,059
between the
micro and macro.

2047
01:18:17,059 --> 01:18:19,550
That is, what we
can learn to do as

2048
01:18:19,550 --> 01:18:21,859
an individual will impact

2049
01:18:21,859 --> 01:18:22,969
our organizations and

2050
01:18:22,969 --> 01:18:25,219
communities and vice versa.

2051
01:18:25,219 --> 01:18:28,805
I have seen this
over and over again.

2052
01:18:28,805 --> 01:18:30,859
Now, you might still be

2053
01:18:30,859 --> 01:18:32,975
wondering what this
looks like in practice.

2054
01:18:32,975 --> 01:18:34,939
So I'm actually going
to walk my talk

2055
01:18:34,939 --> 01:18:37,800
here and I'm going to
step into the unknown.

2056
01:18:38,560 --> 01:18:42,049
So I have a hat.

2057
01:18:42,049 --> 01:18:44,135
And inside this hot
there were a bunch

2058
01:18:44,135 --> 01:18:46,069
of words that I've

2059
01:18:46,069 --> 01:18:47,989
had friends and
colleagues right for me

2060
01:18:47,989 --> 01:18:49,070
and I really don't

2061
01:18:49,070 --> 01:18:50,060
know what I'm
going to pick.

2062
01:18:50,060 --> 01:18:50,929
And I'm going to tell you

2063
01:18:50,929 --> 01:18:52,339
a story about resilience.

2064
01:18:52,339 --> 01:18:53,989
And I'm going to
pick these words and

2065
01:18:53,989 --> 01:18:56,420
incorporate them
into my store it.

2066
01:18:56,420 --> 01:19:00,020
So one day a group of
people were walking

2067
01:19:00,020 --> 01:19:03,019
down the street and

2068
01:19:03,019 --> 01:19:05,674
they were realizing
that they really had to

2069
01:19:05,674 --> 01:19:10,230
use their discernment
to decide where to go.

2070
01:19:10,600 --> 01:19:13,024
And lo and behold,

2071
01:19:13,024 --> 01:19:15,140
along on the other side

2072
01:19:15,140 --> 01:19:17,404
of the street was a
whole other entourage.

2073
01:19:17,404 --> 01:19:19,205
And they said, Oh my God,

2074
01:19:19,205 --> 01:19:20,689
There's us and there's that

2075
01:19:20,689 --> 01:19:22,264
maybe if we
joined together,

2076
01:19:22,264 --> 01:19:23,480
we can really do

2077
01:19:23,480 --> 01:19:26,190
well with this
resilience thing.

2078
01:19:27,340 --> 01:19:30,004
And the other group
of people said,

2079
01:19:30,004 --> 01:19:31,250
you know what, we want to

2080
01:19:31,250 --> 01:19:32,524
stop for some cheese.

2081
01:19:32,524 --> 01:19:34,055
And we thought, oh my God,

2082
01:19:34,055 --> 01:19:35,149
what a wonderful idea

2083
01:19:35,149 --> 01:19:36,199
because breaking bread with

2084
01:19:36,199 --> 01:19:40,439
people is an incredible
way to build bridges.

2085
01:19:41,920 --> 01:19:43,790
And lo and behold,

2086
01:19:43,790 --> 01:19:45,034
in front of the
cheese shop,

2087
01:19:45,034 --> 01:19:47,419
there was a person
playing the xylophone.

2088
01:19:47,419 --> 01:19:48,650
And before you know what,

2089
01:19:48,650 --> 01:19:50,600
we had food and
we had music.

2090
01:19:50,600 --> 01:19:51,949
And suddenly our worries,

2091
01:19:51,949 --> 01:19:55,470
we're sort of starting
to fall away.

2092
01:19:56,080 --> 01:19:59,299
And we had hope because

2093
01:19:59,299 --> 01:20:01,769
we knew that whatever
we went through,

2094
01:20:01,769 --> 01:20:04,405
if we stay together,

2095
01:20:04,405 --> 01:20:07,340
that we would
get through it.

2096
01:20:08,400 --> 01:20:11,589
And all of a sudden, 10

2097
01:20:11,589 --> 01:20:13,524
at the end of the
street we heard pigs.

2098
01:20:13,524 --> 01:20:14,830
And we realized
that it wasn't

2099
01:20:14,830 --> 01:20:17,619
just humans who are
feeling vulnerable.

2100
01:20:17,619 --> 01:20:19,509
The animals were
two in the pigs,

2101
01:20:19,509 --> 01:20:21,819
wanted in on the
cheese and the music.

2102
01:20:21,819 --> 01:20:24,649
So we said Come
on over pigs.

2103
01:20:25,410 --> 01:20:27,774
And we thought, you know,

2104
01:20:27,774 --> 01:20:30,220
this is not our only shot.

2105
01:20:30,220 --> 01:20:32,845
We are learning
how to do this.

2106
01:20:32,845 --> 01:20:37,010
And we're going to
build forward together.

2107
01:20:38,370 --> 01:20:40,449
In the waiter in the cheese

2108
01:20:40,449 --> 01:20:41,740
shop came over and said,

2109
01:20:41,740 --> 01:20:43,979
You people have been
here a long time.

2110
01:20:43,979 --> 01:20:45,724
Is there anything
else I can get you?

2111
01:20:45,724 --> 01:20:47,600
And we said we
have been here a

2112
01:20:47,600 --> 01:20:49,820
very long time because
it's been so long,

2113
01:20:49,820 --> 01:20:51,989
so we'd be together.

2114
01:20:53,020 --> 01:20:56,840
And there we were
playing all night

2115
01:20:56,840 --> 01:20:59,149
long and realizing that

2116
01:20:59,149 --> 01:21:00,590
it was through connection,

2117
01:21:00,590 --> 01:21:03,360
that we were going to
find our way through.

2118
01:21:04,410 --> 01:21:07,729
My hat is empty.

2119
01:21:07,950 --> 01:21:11,694
So I survived.

2120
01:21:11,694 --> 01:21:14,770
I learned, I
worked my creative

2121
01:21:14,770 --> 01:21:16,659
use everything muscle and

2122
01:21:16,659 --> 01:21:18,159
I feel stronger for it.

2123
01:21:18,159 --> 01:21:19,540
Now I know you're probably

2124
01:21:19,540 --> 01:21:21,399
thinking that a
story is different

2125
01:21:21,399 --> 01:21:25,285
than surviving a flood
or becoming a refugee.

2126
01:21:25,285 --> 01:21:27,760
Well, you're right.

2127
01:21:27,760 --> 01:21:33,549
It is. But if you
have to learn to

2128
01:21:33,549 --> 01:21:35,259
turn some rooms into

2129
01:21:35,259 --> 01:21:39,475
a boat or adapt to
a new environment,

2130
01:21:39,475 --> 01:21:42,429
or be stuck in your
house for a year without

2131
01:21:42,429 --> 01:21:44,199
your usual resources,

2132
01:21:44,199 --> 01:21:46,195
your strengthen muscles.

2133
01:21:46,195 --> 01:21:48,489
Adapting, creating,

2134
01:21:48,489 --> 01:21:52,279
and being resilient
will serve you well.

2135
01:21:53,070 --> 01:21:56,064
Now here's what I
want you to know.

2136
01:21:56,064 --> 01:21:59,785
We are all improvising
every day.

2137
01:21:59,785 --> 01:22:02,364
None of us gets
up with a script.

2138
01:22:02,364 --> 01:22:04,449
And if we do, we
realize pretty

2139
01:22:04,449 --> 01:22:07,104
quickly we have to throw
it out the window.

2140
01:22:07,104 --> 01:22:12,309
Uncertainty is actually
always with us.

2141
01:22:12,309 --> 01:22:15,550
We can't control the
events around us,

2142
01:22:15,550 --> 01:22:17,409
but we can learn to respond

2143
01:22:17,409 --> 01:22:19,570
to stress and uncertainty

2144
01:22:19,570 --> 01:22:24,055
with surprising capacity
and resilience.

2145
01:22:24,055 --> 01:22:27,559
Trust me, what
I lie to you.

2146
01:22:33,750 --> 01:22:36,264
All right. Thank you
so much, Barbara.

2147
01:22:36,264 --> 01:22:37,929
And thank you
all panelists.

2148
01:22:37,929 --> 01:22:39,309
We just had a great series

2149
01:22:39,309 --> 01:22:40,569
of talks about resilience.

2150
01:22:40,569 --> 01:22:43,104
So one of the things we
really like to do at

2151
01:22:43,104 --> 01:22:45,549
the Taggard series is
make sure you all have

2152
01:22:45,549 --> 01:22:46,989
some time to ask questions

2153
01:22:46,989 --> 01:22:48,369
and engage with
this great group.

2154
01:22:48,369 --> 01:22:49,449
So we get all the panelists

2155
01:22:49,449 --> 01:22:50,649
to turn their cameras

2156
01:22:50,649 --> 01:22:51,969
back on and join

2157
01:22:51,969 --> 01:22:53,499
us here on the
virtual stage.

2158
01:22:53,499 --> 01:22:57,290
Let's again Max.

2159
01:22:58,080 --> 01:23:03,019
Jeremy, lecture.

2160
01:23:04,110 --> 01:23:06,669
Jolla. Thank you Joe.

2161
01:23:06,669 --> 01:23:08,260
So we want to go around

2162
01:23:08,260 --> 01:23:08,710
and we have

2163
01:23:08,710 --> 01:23:10,030
a whole series of
questions again.

2164
01:23:10,030 --> 01:23:11,409
Thank you all for that.

2165
01:23:11,409 --> 01:23:12,550
It was a great series

2166
01:23:12,550 --> 01:23:13,719
of talks and
really highlights

2167
01:23:13,719 --> 01:23:15,100
the strength the PSU has

2168
01:23:15,100 --> 01:23:17,155
broadly in this
concept of resilience.

2169
01:23:17,155 --> 01:23:18,309
So I just want to kind of

2170
01:23:18,309 --> 01:23:20,304
start going down
the question.

2171
01:23:20,304 --> 01:23:22,029
You're not actually,
I might, I'll

2172
01:23:22,029 --> 01:23:24,310
start with this first one.

2173
01:23:24,310 --> 01:23:26,935
And it's really for
the question Is,

2174
01:23:26,935 --> 01:23:28,629
it says for
someone who wishes

2175
01:23:28,629 --> 01:23:30,459
to enter the public sector,

2176
01:23:30,459 --> 01:23:31,809
how does one integrate

2177
01:23:31,809 --> 01:23:34,600
indigenous peoples
into the discussion?

2178
01:23:34,600 --> 01:23:37,660
Omega, let any of you sort

2179
01:23:37,660 --> 01:23:39,579
of begin to address

2180
01:23:39,579 --> 01:23:41,959
that. If it speaks to you.

2181
01:23:42,740 --> 01:23:46,920
I'll speak to at first
grade book Langton.

2182
01:23:46,920 --> 01:23:50,969
I think integrating
indigenous knowledge

2183
01:23:50,969 --> 01:23:52,410
and indigenous voices into

2184
01:23:52,410 --> 01:23:54,734
the public sector
is critical.

2185
01:23:54,734 --> 01:23:57,270
And I think one of the
most difficult parts

2186
01:23:57,270 --> 01:23:59,745
of it is lack of land,

2187
01:23:59,745 --> 01:24:02,190
recognition and
those connections.

2188
01:24:02,190 --> 01:24:04,140
So in the public sector,

2189
01:24:04,140 --> 01:24:06,014
I think education
and awareness

2190
01:24:06,014 --> 01:24:08,564
among those serving in it,

2191
01:24:08,564 --> 01:24:10,260
related to
indigenous folks and

2192
01:24:10,260 --> 01:24:11,909
their connections
and affiliations to

2193
01:24:11,909 --> 01:24:13,680
those areas can cultivate

2194
01:24:13,680 --> 01:24:16,410
relationships and
really help grow

2195
01:24:16,410 --> 01:24:18,750
those connections
which at times feel

2196
01:24:18,750 --> 01:24:20,879
severed and feel that

2197
01:24:20,879 --> 01:24:23,040
folks are not taking
them into account.

2198
01:24:23,040 --> 01:24:25,779
So just my $0.02.

2199
01:24:25,779 --> 01:24:32,689
Yeah. Anybody else
have any thoughts on?

2200
01:24:35,580 --> 01:24:37,734
The last thing I'll say is

2201
01:24:37,734 --> 01:24:39,759
knowledge of
restorative justice,

2202
01:24:39,759 --> 01:24:41,710
as Joseph mentioned
in her talk,

2203
01:24:41,710 --> 01:24:43,449
would be critical
in that type of

2204
01:24:43,449 --> 01:24:46,329
understanding
and taking into

2205
01:24:46,329 --> 01:24:49,539
account how a
power dynamics and

2206
01:24:49,539 --> 01:24:51,370
the historical
circumstances have

2207
01:24:51,370 --> 01:24:53,260
created the situation
that we're in.

2208
01:24:53,260 --> 01:24:54,820
And recognize that being

2209
01:24:54,820 --> 01:24:56,739
disenfranchised with
the public sector

2210
01:24:56,739 --> 01:24:57,819
is most likely

2211
01:24:57,819 --> 01:25:00,220
a symptom of settler
colonialism.

2212
01:25:00,220 --> 01:25:02,080
And something in
the public sector

2213
01:25:02,080 --> 01:25:04,254
people need to overcome.

2214
01:25:04,254 --> 01:25:10,139
It. Excellent.
Point back to me.

2215
01:25:10,139 --> 01:25:12,675
Okay. Well, thank you.

2216
01:25:12,675 --> 01:25:15,314
Let's go down
the list here.

2217
01:25:15,314 --> 01:25:16,110
Sorry, I'm looking at

2218
01:25:16,110 --> 01:25:17,280
my Google Doc
again for those

2219
01:25:17,280 --> 01:25:17,970
in the audience who are

2220
01:25:17,970 --> 01:25:19,349
still joining us, please,

2221
01:25:19,349 --> 01:25:20,820
this is a great
chance to ask

2222
01:25:20,820 --> 01:25:22,440
some really awesome experts

2223
01:25:22,440 --> 01:25:24,450
on any question that
may come to mind.

2224
01:25:24,450 --> 01:25:27,280
So pop up another question.

2225
01:25:27,410 --> 01:25:30,660
Um, to, to, to,
to, and I'll just,

2226
01:25:30,660 --> 01:25:32,610
I'll just move around
and ask each one.

2227
01:25:32,610 --> 01:25:34,290
Next one is up
as for Jeremy,

2228
01:25:34,290 --> 01:25:36,029
Jeremy giving what you

2229
01:25:36,029 --> 01:25:38,594
just shared by your
work in Nepal.

2230
01:25:38,594 --> 01:25:41,580
How, how, as folks here
in the United States,

2231
01:25:41,580 --> 01:25:42,810
do we think about giving

2232
01:25:42,810 --> 01:25:45,615
to aid organizations
post-disaster?

2233
01:25:45,615 --> 01:25:46,800
I think you had made

2234
01:25:46,800 --> 01:25:48,059
some comments
about the sort

2235
01:25:48,059 --> 01:25:50,350
of linkage in dependency,

2236
01:25:50,350 --> 01:25:52,269
about sort of agency

2237
01:25:52,269 --> 01:25:54,144
versus sort of X tells or.

2238
01:25:54,144 --> 01:25:56,350
So this is a critical
question that

2239
01:25:56,350 --> 01:25:58,420
is relevant these days.

2240
01:25:58,420 --> 01:26:01,059
Folks know that media
attention is typically

2241
01:26:01,059 --> 01:26:03,820
during the relief
phase of disaster,

2242
01:26:03,820 --> 01:26:06,310
which is the
immediate aftermath,

2243
01:26:06,310 --> 01:26:09,130
which actually is the
most well-funded if

2244
01:26:09,130 --> 01:26:11,589
any area of the
disaster cycle

2245
01:26:11,589 --> 01:26:13,495
is it would be
the relief phase.

2246
01:26:13,495 --> 01:26:15,789
And so my advice from

2247
01:26:15,789 --> 01:26:18,714
our work is that
recovery is a long haul.

2248
01:26:18,714 --> 01:26:20,830
And if funds
can be given to

2249
01:26:20,830 --> 01:26:23,184
programs that are
more informed

2250
01:26:23,184 --> 01:26:25,540
over a longer scale
of time and how

2251
01:26:25,540 --> 01:26:27,909
much recovery really means

2252
01:26:27,909 --> 01:26:29,829
not just returning
health and safety,

2253
01:26:29,829 --> 01:26:31,840
but getting your
life back on track.

2254
01:26:31,840 --> 01:26:33,970
And as Barbara
referred to as Jolla,

2255
01:26:33,970 --> 01:26:35,649
referred to, resilience

2256
01:26:35,649 --> 01:26:37,119
could mean
transformative change.

2257
01:26:37,119 --> 01:26:38,830
It's very, very
difficult to think

2258
01:26:38,830 --> 01:26:40,869
that bouncing back
to the same places,

2259
01:26:40,869 --> 01:26:42,835
what would happen
in that scenario?

2260
01:26:42,835 --> 01:26:44,199
I do want to say though,

2261
01:26:44,199 --> 01:26:46,149
that aid is necessary

2262
01:26:46,149 --> 01:26:48,370
in these catastrophic
circumstances.

2263
01:26:48,370 --> 01:26:49,539
And it's, I don't mean

2264
01:26:49,539 --> 01:26:51,069
to start a conversation on

2265
01:26:51,069 --> 01:26:52,330
how we should just throw

2266
01:26:52,330 --> 01:26:53,830
the baby out with
the bathwater,

2267
01:26:53,830 --> 01:26:55,479
with all external aid or

2268
01:26:55,479 --> 01:26:57,040
government interventions.

2269
01:26:57,040 --> 01:26:58,270
Those are important.

2270
01:26:58,270 --> 01:27:00,219
Everyone needs help when
these things happen,

2271
01:27:00,219 --> 01:27:02,530
they're very difficult
to plan around.

2272
01:27:02,530 --> 01:27:04,420
But those interventions

2273
01:27:04,420 --> 01:27:06,340
are rarely informed and

2274
01:27:06,340 --> 01:27:07,959
often are parachuting

2275
01:27:07,959 --> 01:27:10,709
in without knowing
circumstances,

2276
01:27:10,709 --> 01:27:12,390
local contexts
where I work.

2277
01:27:12,390 --> 01:27:14,669
A great example
would be that

2278
01:27:14,669 --> 01:27:16,170
the government
gave everyone

2279
01:27:16,170 --> 01:27:17,189
the same amount of money

2280
01:27:17,189 --> 01:27:18,674
to rebuild their house.

2281
01:27:18,674 --> 01:27:20,160
But in Nepal, which is

2282
01:27:20,160 --> 01:27:22,454
sandwiched between
India and China,

2283
01:27:22,454 --> 01:27:23,880
it costs a lot more money

2284
01:27:23,880 --> 01:27:24,719
to build a house the

2285
01:27:24,719 --> 01:27:26,850
higher you live
up the mountains.

2286
01:27:26,850 --> 01:27:28,109
So those folks actually

2287
01:27:28,109 --> 01:27:29,220
only add funds to build

2288
01:27:29,220 --> 01:27:30,810
very small houses
compared to

2289
01:27:30,810 --> 01:27:33,329
folks that were in
Katmandu Valley.

2290
01:27:33,329 --> 01:27:35,459
That would just be
a very small fact

2291
01:27:35,459 --> 01:27:37,050
that could have
been useful.

2292
01:27:37,050 --> 01:27:39,689
In addition, we found that

2293
01:27:39,689 --> 01:27:42,269
the definitions of
vulnerability are

2294
01:27:42,269 --> 01:27:44,850
trying to understand
what resilience means

2295
01:27:44,850 --> 01:27:47,729
differs in the
aid community.

2296
01:27:47,729 --> 01:27:49,830
And those eight folks in

2297
01:27:49,830 --> 01:27:51,820
the community often are

2298
01:27:51,820 --> 01:27:53,860
responding to
donors that are

2299
01:27:53,860 --> 01:27:55,989
not in the
situation itself.

2300
01:27:55,989 --> 01:27:57,460
So that could be donors

2301
01:27:57,460 --> 01:27:58,599
coming from abroad who

2302
01:27:58,599 --> 01:28:00,130
want a different
outcome than

2303
01:28:00,130 --> 01:28:01,749
what people want
on the ground.

2304
01:28:01,749 --> 01:28:04,615
So I'm talking about
communication,

2305
01:28:04,615 --> 01:28:06,625
I'm talking about
awareness raising.

2306
01:28:06,625 --> 01:28:08,920
I'm talking about needs

2307
01:28:08,920 --> 01:28:10,585
assessments that
are informed

2308
01:28:10,585 --> 01:28:12,910
before these things
happen so that we

2309
01:28:12,910 --> 01:28:15,505
have better roadmaps
on how to respond.

2310
01:28:15,505 --> 01:28:17,695
There needs to be
a combination of

2311
01:28:17,695 --> 01:28:21,234
really well reasoned
thinking and planning

2312
01:28:21,234 --> 01:28:22,989
with Swift
decision-making and

2313
01:28:22,989 --> 01:28:26,060
adaptation like we're
talking about today.

2314
01:28:27,330 --> 01:28:30,460
Thank you so much for
that answer came.

2315
01:28:30,460 --> 01:28:33,250
Next step, I have
question for Max.

2316
01:28:33,250 --> 01:28:35,140
Max folks who are
really interested

2317
01:28:35,140 --> 01:28:37,030
in and not get
the name right,

2318
01:28:37,030 --> 01:28:37,149
but

2319
01:28:37,149 --> 01:28:38,559
the fire resilient
community

2320
01:28:38,559 --> 01:28:39,535
you're talking about.

2321
01:28:39,535 --> 01:28:41,110
And folks who are just
really wondering what

2322
01:28:41,110 --> 01:28:43,345
the origin story
of that community.

2323
01:28:43,345 --> 01:28:45,015
And so, you know,

2324
01:28:45,015 --> 01:28:46,419
and maybe how
that came to be

2325
01:28:46,419 --> 01:28:48,565
and what you can cherubs.

2326
01:28:48,565 --> 01:28:50,589
Yeah. Well, the origins

2327
01:28:50,589 --> 01:28:52,210
story behind
their community,

2328
01:28:52,210 --> 01:28:56,034
as you know, it's it's
on Ben's west side.

2329
01:28:56,034 --> 01:29:00,040
It was a property that
was owned by a family,

2330
01:29:00,040 --> 01:29:04,134
I think for the last
6070 years or so.

2331
01:29:04,134 --> 01:29:07,300
And who acquired it

2332
01:29:07,300 --> 01:29:09,310
from another actually from,

2333
01:29:09,310 --> 01:29:10,794
I think a timber company

2334
01:29:10,794 --> 01:29:13,179
in the 19 forties
or fifties.

2335
01:29:13,179 --> 01:29:16,300
And so they've lived in and

2336
01:29:16,300 --> 01:29:18,400
experienced bends west side

2337
01:29:18,400 --> 01:29:21,925
for for generations.

2338
01:29:21,925 --> 01:29:24,969
And if you know,

2339
01:29:24,969 --> 01:29:27,819
if you've spent time in
band or if you know,

2340
01:29:27,819 --> 01:29:30,234
the geography of bend
the west side is

2341
01:29:30,234 --> 01:29:31,599
is sandwiched up against

2342
01:29:31,599 --> 01:29:33,445
the dish shoots
national forest.

2343
01:29:33,445 --> 01:29:35,440
And so the likelihood of

2344
01:29:35,440 --> 01:29:37,960
fire coming out
of the forest is,

2345
01:29:37,960 --> 01:29:39,970
is greatest in the
West side abandoned.

2346
01:29:39,970 --> 01:29:42,729
So in order to in order
for the city of band

2347
01:29:42,729 --> 01:29:44,034
to allow for

2348
01:29:44,034 --> 01:29:45,849
the development
of that property.

2349
01:29:45,849 --> 01:29:47,649
After the family had

2350
01:29:47,649 --> 01:29:50,664
chosen to move it
into a different use,

2351
01:29:50,664 --> 01:29:52,645
they had to think
differently.

2352
01:29:52,645 --> 01:29:54,399
And so that's where
it came from.

2353
01:29:54,399 --> 01:29:55,870
One of the things that I do

2354
01:29:55,870 --> 01:29:56,905
want to point out about it,

2355
01:29:56,905 --> 01:29:59,229
though, as I
mentioned in my talk,

2356
01:29:59,229 --> 01:30:02,184
the two examples I
gave in Oregon or are

2357
01:30:02,184 --> 01:30:04,089
very different examples and

2358
01:30:04,089 --> 01:30:06,264
and core to that is,

2359
01:30:06,264 --> 01:30:08,425
is that the tree
farm community,

2360
01:30:08,425 --> 01:30:11,049
the lots there, they
sold for a lot of money.

2361
01:30:11,049 --> 01:30:14,124
So these, this
is, they are,

2362
01:30:14,124 --> 01:30:19,149
it is a privileged
community and place and

2363
01:30:19,149 --> 01:30:21,969
is not likely to
be recreated in

2364
01:30:21,969 --> 01:30:24,759
that same way in
many other places.

2365
01:30:24,759 --> 01:30:25,689
And so the question is,

2366
01:30:25,689 --> 01:30:27,069
what can we learn from it?

2367
01:30:27,069 --> 01:30:30,369
What are the lessons
that we can learn from

2368
01:30:30,369 --> 01:30:33,805
about the processes
that were engaged to,

2369
01:30:33,805 --> 01:30:36,220
to create the community

2370
01:30:36,220 --> 01:30:37,179
or the development that

2371
01:30:37,179 --> 01:30:38,725
happened at the tree farm.

2372
01:30:38,725 --> 01:30:41,440
What about the
design standards?

2373
01:30:41,440 --> 01:30:43,630
That the architectural
standards,

2374
01:30:43,630 --> 01:30:45,040
how about the
local Coordination

2375
01:30:45,040 --> 01:30:46,075
with the City of Bend?

2376
01:30:46,075 --> 01:30:48,880
That that can be adapted

2377
01:30:48,880 --> 01:30:49,989
to other places that

2378
01:30:49,989 --> 01:30:51,910
maybe have different means.

2379
01:30:51,910 --> 01:30:53,740
And that the other thing I

2380
01:30:53,740 --> 01:30:55,599
was thinking if I can
just for a moment,

2381
01:30:55,599 --> 01:30:57,069
just thinking about
the question you're

2382
01:30:57,069 --> 01:30:58,884
asked to

2383
01:30:58,884 --> 01:31:01,779
Jeremy about aid is

2384
01:31:01,779 --> 01:31:03,070
completely agree

2385
01:31:03,070 --> 01:31:04,299
with Jeremy and
it's the same.

2386
01:31:04,299 --> 01:31:06,864
We see the same thing
here with fire.

2387
01:31:06,864 --> 01:31:10,345
The relief effort
is, is well-funded.

2388
01:31:10,345 --> 01:31:12,175
People pour out

2389
01:31:12,175 --> 01:31:14,020
their pocketbooks
and in the weeks

2390
01:31:14,020 --> 01:31:17,965
and months,
September fires.

2391
01:31:17,965 --> 01:31:20,140
But the experience
that those communities

2392
01:31:20,140 --> 01:31:22,689
like in the sand
am canyon down

2393
01:31:22,689 --> 01:31:25,374
in Southern Oregon with

2394
01:31:25,374 --> 01:31:26,169
what we've seen up

2395
01:31:26,169 --> 01:31:27,579
in North Central
Washington,

2396
01:31:27,579 --> 01:31:29,079
in the classroom,
est, et cetera.

2397
01:31:29,079 --> 01:31:30,340
This is going
to be a year's

2398
01:31:30,340 --> 01:31:31,914
long process of recovery.

2399
01:31:31,914 --> 01:31:33,070
And we need to think about

2400
01:31:33,070 --> 01:31:34,630
how as a community,

2401
01:31:34,630 --> 01:31:37,910
as a, as a broader
society we support that.

2402
01:31:40,140 --> 01:31:42,549
That's a great
observation point,

2403
01:31:42,549 --> 01:31:44,079
Max, thank you so much.

2404
01:31:44,079 --> 01:31:48,550
Next up, I have a question
for Joe La Jolla,

2405
01:31:48,550 --> 01:31:50,920
when you stated the
concept about not using

2406
01:31:50,920 --> 01:31:52,209
labels vulnerable versus

2407
01:31:52,209 --> 01:31:53,905
resign or some other label.

2408
01:31:53,905 --> 01:31:55,269
I wanted to know
how someone

2409
01:31:55,269 --> 01:31:57,130
working with the
general public.

2410
01:31:57,130 --> 01:31:59,049
Can balance use of
detrimental labels

2411
01:31:59,049 --> 01:32:00,070
versus the
growing amount of

2412
01:32:00,070 --> 01:32:01,434
political identities.

2413
01:32:01,434 --> 01:32:03,280
Blm, LGBTQ,

2414
01:32:03,280 --> 01:32:06,444
and the deconstruction
of the gender binary?

2415
01:32:06,444 --> 01:32:10,450
That's a tough
question. Yes it is.

2416
01:32:10,450 --> 01:32:13,269
Yeah. Typically if we

2417
01:32:13,269 --> 01:32:14,755
go back to the
issue of labels,

2418
01:32:14,755 --> 01:32:16,375
the reason I
mentioned not an evil

2419
01:32:16,375 --> 01:32:18,655
people is that
every individual,

2420
01:32:18,655 --> 01:32:20,259
whether you reach a boy,

2421
01:32:20,259 --> 01:32:22,149
we are vulnerable
in one area

2422
01:32:22,149 --> 01:32:23,469
or resilient in one area.

2423
01:32:23,469 --> 01:32:25,690
But then once you
begin to put the word

2424
01:32:25,690 --> 01:32:28,750
vulnerable on particular
groups of people,

2425
01:32:28,750 --> 01:32:29,905
you already have all this

2426
01:32:29,905 --> 01:32:31,494
assumption about they have,

2427
01:32:31,494 --> 01:32:33,280
what do you think
they can do and

2428
01:32:33,280 --> 01:32:35,394
down what is self
hides a lot of

2429
01:32:35,394 --> 01:32:38,125
the historical
injustices behind

2430
01:32:38,125 --> 01:32:39,654
why people are vulnerable.

2431
01:32:39,654 --> 01:32:40,929
And so I tend to look at

2432
01:32:40,929 --> 01:32:43,449
the process that has led
to the vulnerability

2433
01:32:43,449 --> 01:32:44,949
and then define or at

2434
01:32:44,949 --> 01:32:47,275
least acknowledge
the marginality.

2435
01:32:47,275 --> 01:32:49,869
So I tend to use what
marginalized groups

2436
01:32:49,869 --> 01:32:51,280
or low-income groups.

2437
01:32:51,280 --> 01:32:52,359
So it begins to draw

2438
01:32:52,359 --> 01:32:53,889
attention to what
is the process and

2439
01:32:53,889 --> 01:32:55,090
what is the E
Street rather than

2440
01:32:55,090 --> 01:32:56,815
just this, is this person.

2441
01:32:56,815 --> 01:32:58,689
Same with the resilience
issues, right?

2442
01:32:58,689 --> 01:33:00,730
There are places where
I've seen people back

2443
01:33:00,730 --> 01:33:03,040
home desistance
and reboot again.

2444
01:33:03,040 --> 01:33:04,795
What it wants is
that using the word

2445
01:33:04,795 --> 01:33:06,670
resilience to
describe them,

2446
01:33:06,670 --> 01:33:07,990
what you realize is that

2447
01:33:07,990 --> 01:33:10,284
the same dominant
structure and system

2448
01:33:10,284 --> 01:33:12,174
and ways of Buton series

2449
01:33:12,174 --> 01:33:14,409
is what is then reinforce
after disaster.

2450
01:33:14,409 --> 01:33:15,640
And then the expectation is

2451
01:33:15,640 --> 01:33:16,180
that is people who

2452
01:33:16,180 --> 01:33:17,109
just get on with
their life.

2453
01:33:17,109 --> 01:33:19,450
And when it does
that, it will move.

2454
01:33:19,450 --> 01:33:21,234
And so we don't reach, Hey,

2455
01:33:21,234 --> 01:33:22,270
we don't change our mind

2456
01:33:22,270 --> 01:33:23,860
once we label them
as either way,

2457
01:33:23,860 --> 01:33:27,040
they will become
an important is,

2458
01:33:27,040 --> 01:33:28,899
the important
issue is how do we

2459
01:33:28,899 --> 01:33:31,014
reviewed in ways
that allows

2460
01:33:31,014 --> 01:33:33,039
people not to be
vulnerable conditions

2461
01:33:33,039 --> 01:33:34,494
in the hospice
for that will

2462
01:33:34,494 --> 01:33:36,159
issue the second dimentions

2463
01:33:36,159 --> 01:33:37,210
your question in terms

2464
01:33:37,210 --> 01:33:38,980
of the political
identities,

2465
01:33:38,980 --> 01:33:40,749
there are some
things around

2466
01:33:40,749 --> 01:33:42,759
how some of this
political identity,

2467
01:33:42,759 --> 01:33:45,370
black like matter or LGBTQ,

2468
01:33:45,370 --> 01:33:47,199
those identities
sometimes have

2469
01:33:47,199 --> 01:33:48,819
political weights and has

2470
01:33:48,819 --> 01:33:51,385
been used to negotiate

2471
01:33:51,385 --> 01:33:53,170
different as

2472
01:33:53,170 --> 01:33:54,760
a platform with
different people coming

2473
01:33:54,760 --> 01:33:57,085
together to negotiate
different processes,

2474
01:33:57,085 --> 01:34:00,234
sheets, different
opportunities.

2475
01:34:00,234 --> 01:34:02,139
And it's what, and

2476
01:34:02,139 --> 01:34:04,494
so it depends on
what the liberal is.

2477
01:34:04,494 --> 01:34:05,890
And if the people within

2478
01:34:05,890 --> 01:34:08,034
that group choose to
be within valuable,

2479
01:34:08,034 --> 01:34:09,670
I know many people
do not like to

2480
01:34:09,670 --> 01:34:11,439
be described as vulnerable.

2481
01:34:11,439 --> 01:34:12,819
And some people may

2482
01:34:12,819 --> 01:34:14,019
call themselves resilience.

2483
01:34:14,019 --> 01:34:14,920
What if you think about

2484
01:34:14,920 --> 01:34:15,999
the negative side auxin

2485
01:34:15,999 --> 01:34:17,500
and they would also
be not like it.

2486
01:34:17,500 --> 01:34:18,489
When people would like to

2487
01:34:18,489 --> 01:34:19,695
say yes, black like mad.

2488
01:34:19,695 --> 01:34:21,040
And I'm one of
those people who

2489
01:34:21,040 --> 01:34:21,940
want to be in that group as

2490
01:34:21,940 --> 01:34:22,990
a Black Lives Matter.

2491
01:34:22,990 --> 01:34:23,859
And so because there is

2492
01:34:23,859 --> 01:34:25,750
a political
currency to using

2493
01:34:25,750 --> 01:34:27,810
those types of definitions

2494
01:34:27,810 --> 01:34:29,215
and characteristics to,

2495
01:34:29,215 --> 01:34:31,690
to, to come together to
advocate for change.

2496
01:34:31,690 --> 01:34:33,970
Result. When I say
not use level,

2497
01:34:33,970 --> 01:34:35,484
there are specific labels

2498
01:34:35,484 --> 01:34:36,580
and descriptors that are

2499
01:34:36,580 --> 01:34:38,199
important because

2500
01:34:38,199 --> 01:34:40,179
of the currency they
carry politically.

2501
01:34:40,179 --> 01:34:42,100
And there are
others that just

2502
01:34:42,100 --> 01:34:44,049
to recall injustices,

2503
01:34:44,049 --> 01:34:45,309
Once we need to discount,

2504
01:34:45,309 --> 01:34:49,690
it seemed

2505
01:34:49,690 --> 01:34:51,400
like a great answer to
a difficult question.

2506
01:34:51,400 --> 01:34:56,875
Tell a bank if you
have a question,

2507
01:34:56,875 --> 01:34:59,574
he's short questions
here for fletcher.

2508
01:34:59,574 --> 01:35:00,220
Well,

2509
01:35:00,220 --> 01:35:02,830
the first was really
pragmatic question,

2510
01:35:02,830 --> 01:35:04,119
which was, how long
did it take to

2511
01:35:04,119 --> 01:35:05,529
plan and carry
out the exercise?

2512
01:35:05,529 --> 01:35:06,970
You describe it,
how many people

2513
01:35:06,970 --> 01:35:08,290
actually participate
in that.

2514
01:35:08,290 --> 01:35:09,670
And if you could
just speak to that

2515
01:35:09,670 --> 01:35:11,230
when we drop that
in the chat.

2516
01:35:11,230 --> 01:35:15,939
Yeah. Yeah. So I
think there's like

2517
01:35:15,939 --> 01:35:19,060
five or six months
and about 40 people

2518
01:35:19,060 --> 01:35:21,040
participated from
a different parts

2519
01:35:21,040 --> 01:35:23,080
of the city across.

2520
01:35:23,080 --> 01:35:24,970
Because two full days.

2521
01:35:24,970 --> 01:35:27,159
So it was a pretty
intensive amount

2522
01:35:27,159 --> 01:35:28,825
of time people gave.

2523
01:35:28,825 --> 01:35:31,000
And yeah, it was a
collaborative project

2524
01:35:31,000 --> 01:35:32,530
that was like planned
with a few of

2525
01:35:32,530 --> 01:35:36,370
the people that we then
implement this with.

2526
01:35:36,370 --> 01:35:37,179
So we've planned it with

2527
01:35:37,179 --> 01:35:38,755
the bureau planning
sustainability,

2528
01:35:38,755 --> 01:35:40,059
Bureau of environmental
services,

2529
01:35:40,059 --> 01:35:43,345
and Portland Bureau of
Emergency Management.

2530
01:35:43,345 --> 01:35:45,610
And we actually had
one of Jeremy students

2531
01:35:45,610 --> 01:35:47,019
was one of the core people

2532
01:35:47,019 --> 01:35:48,115
that made it happen.

2533
01:35:48,115 --> 01:35:49,240
Anthropology student

2534
01:35:49,240 --> 01:35:50,305
who is at the center of it,

2535
01:35:50,305 --> 01:35:52,210
help and helping to
turn all the system

2536
01:35:52,210 --> 01:35:54,610
and at the core of

2537
01:35:54,610 --> 01:35:56,020
our value proposition of

2538
01:35:56,020 --> 01:35:57,865
my knowledge,
serve the city.

2539
01:35:57,865 --> 01:36:00,159
Yeah, and that there's
a follow-up question.

2540
01:36:00,159 --> 01:36:00,970
People are kinda just

2541
01:36:00,970 --> 01:36:02,055
curious if this
is the start.

2542
01:36:02,055 --> 01:36:02,530
I worked at

2543
01:36:02,530 --> 01:36:04,119
the Institute for
sustainable solutions

2544
01:36:04,119 --> 01:36:05,440
does today.

2545
01:36:05,440 --> 01:36:07,149
What is its role,

2546
01:36:07,149 --> 01:36:08,619
both the PSU and

2547
01:36:08,619 --> 01:36:09,370
brokering these sorts of

2548
01:36:09,370 --> 01:36:11,470
relationships
with the city.

2549
01:36:11,470 --> 01:36:14,125
Yeah. So a good question.

2550
01:36:14,125 --> 01:36:16,539
Yeah. Like we we have like

2551
01:36:16,539 --> 01:36:19,585
a vision of a sustainable
and adjust region.

2552
01:36:19,585 --> 01:36:22,164
A lot of our work is
grounded in this place.

2553
01:36:22,164 --> 01:36:25,000
And we are really

2554
01:36:25,000 --> 01:36:26,499
focused on how we

2555
01:36:26,499 --> 01:36:28,090
bringing people
together, bring faculty,

2556
01:36:28,090 --> 01:36:30,099
students and community
partners together

2557
01:36:30,099 --> 01:36:32,799
to go after the
systemic change

2558
01:36:32,799 --> 01:36:34,345
that's necessary
to get there.

2559
01:36:34,345 --> 01:36:35,920
So that's a big,
a big thing

2560
01:36:35,920 --> 01:36:37,330
that we really work on

2561
01:36:37,330 --> 01:36:39,100
is how do we get to

2562
01:36:39,100 --> 01:36:41,514
the heart of what's
really holding us back?

2563
01:36:41,514 --> 01:36:43,570
And what's holding us back

2564
01:36:43,570 --> 01:36:45,100
from having the
right conversations,

2565
01:36:45,100 --> 01:36:47,019
from pushing these
things forward.

2566
01:36:47,019 --> 01:36:49,150
And and a big
part of that is

2567
01:36:49,150 --> 01:36:50,410
also like having
a commitments

2568
01:36:50,410 --> 01:36:51,669
as some of these
issues over time.

2569
01:36:51,669 --> 01:36:52,509
I mean, we've been working

2570
01:36:52,509 --> 01:36:54,459
on we're still working on

2571
01:36:54,459 --> 01:36:56,319
that resilient
Portland projects hype

2572
01:36:56,319 --> 01:36:58,374
where I'm working with Joe,

2573
01:36:58,374 --> 01:37:00,489
Max and Jeremy on

2574
01:37:00,489 --> 01:37:01,764
different elements
of it too.

2575
01:37:01,764 --> 01:37:03,130
Like, how do we create?

2576
01:37:03,130 --> 01:37:03,940
We're looking to create

2577
01:37:03,940 --> 01:37:06,144
these long-term
trajectories of work.

2578
01:37:06,144 --> 01:37:08,409
Because as we press
IT issues we better

2579
01:37:08,409 --> 01:37:10,240
understand those
conflicts which

2580
01:37:10,240 --> 01:37:11,949
are light, are
usually routed.

2581
01:37:11,949 --> 01:37:14,080
And a lot of a lot of

2582
01:37:14,080 --> 01:37:15,805
complex factors that aren't

2583
01:37:15,805 --> 01:37:17,499
easily seen up top.

2584
01:37:17,499 --> 01:37:19,554
And we can start
working on those.

2585
01:37:19,554 --> 01:37:21,579
And we can start
doing our best

2586
01:37:21,579 --> 01:37:23,320
to pull the ones

2587
01:37:23,320 --> 01:37:26,124
down that don't don't
serve us anymore.

2588
01:37:26,124 --> 01:37:28,209
But we really can't
find them unless we're

2589
01:37:28,209 --> 01:37:30,054
pressing up these
across time.

2590
01:37:30,054 --> 01:37:32,110
And that were
stable partners

2591
01:37:32,110 --> 01:37:33,969
in this work who
it's not episodic,

2592
01:37:33,969 --> 01:37:36,460
it's it's really a
long-term effort

2593
01:37:36,460 --> 01:37:40,284
on yeah. That's great.

2594
01:37:40,284 --> 01:37:41,785
Keep up the good
work, fletcher.

2595
01:37:41,785 --> 01:37:44,769
Alright. I have a
question for Barbara.

2596
01:37:44,769 --> 01:37:46,780
Barbara the
audience member,

2597
01:37:46,780 --> 01:37:49,134
ask, what about power?

2598
01:37:49,134 --> 01:37:50,410
What role does it play in

2599
01:37:50,410 --> 01:37:53,020
resilience, improv,
and relationships?

2600
01:37:53,020 --> 01:37:55,300
Power is present
all the time.

2601
01:37:55,300 --> 01:37:57,654
I mean, it's one
of my core areas,

2602
01:37:57,654 --> 01:37:59,665
research and interest
and in fact,

2603
01:37:59,665 --> 01:38:00,850
power and status as

2604
01:38:00,850 --> 01:38:02,710
a core improvisational
principle.

2605
01:38:02,710 --> 01:38:04,854
So you can change
an entire scene

2606
01:38:04,854 --> 01:38:06,160
by just changing who has

2607
01:38:06,160 --> 01:38:07,899
power in how people

2608
01:38:07,899 --> 01:38:09,940
are playing
particular stories.

2609
01:38:09,940 --> 01:38:14,529
But in real life, power
is always present.

2610
01:38:14,529 --> 01:38:16,150
And our ability to

2611
01:38:16,150 --> 01:38:18,069
access resources will
have something to

2612
01:38:18,069 --> 01:38:19,119
do with whether we

2613
01:38:19,119 --> 01:38:20,349
can get training
or whether we

2614
01:38:20,349 --> 01:38:22,945
can actually practice
these skills.

2615
01:38:22,945 --> 01:38:24,639
How stressed we are

2616
01:38:24,639 --> 01:38:26,169
if we're working five jobs,

2617
01:38:26,169 --> 01:38:27,910
we're not going
to be practicing

2618
01:38:27,910 --> 01:38:31,029
these skills at the
same time, right?

2619
01:38:31,029 --> 01:38:32,964
Learning to develop
these skills

2620
01:38:32,964 --> 01:38:34,795
can be available
to everyone.

2621
01:38:34,795 --> 01:38:36,955
And it's something that

2622
01:38:36,955 --> 01:38:39,505
we always have to look
at is whereas power,

2623
01:38:39,505 --> 01:38:40,809
both on the
structural level

2624
01:38:40,809 --> 01:38:41,980
and the individual level.

2625
01:38:41,980 --> 01:38:43,675
Whether it's
individual hierarchy.

2626
01:38:43,675 --> 01:38:47,019
One of the ways
that actually the,

2627
01:38:47,019 --> 01:38:49,300
the Climate Center
that I work with,

2628
01:38:49,300 --> 01:38:51,415
the Global Climate
Center has used

2629
01:38:51,415 --> 01:38:54,309
these methods is
because, for example,

2630
01:38:54,309 --> 01:38:56,140
people with lower power or

2631
01:38:56,140 --> 01:38:58,239
status or
reluctant to speak

2632
01:38:58,239 --> 01:39:00,039
up with

2633
01:39:00,039 --> 01:39:01,239
higher government officials

2634
01:39:01,239 --> 01:39:02,455
or community leaders.

2635
01:39:02,455 --> 01:39:05,590
And they use these
methods to actually train

2636
01:39:05,590 --> 01:39:08,769
people to use their
status differently,

2637
01:39:08,769 --> 01:39:11,604
whether it's body language
or how they speak.

2638
01:39:11,604 --> 01:39:13,089
And they're able
to actually

2639
01:39:13,089 --> 01:39:15,159
articulate what they
need in different ways.

2640
01:39:15,159 --> 01:39:16,629
Because lots of times as

2641
01:39:16,629 --> 01:39:18,174
we probably all know,

2642
01:39:18,174 --> 01:39:20,770
it's people who don't
necessarily have

2643
01:39:20,770 --> 01:39:22,359
the title or the rank

2644
01:39:22,359 --> 01:39:24,310
who have more knowledge,

2645
01:39:24,310 --> 01:39:26,485
more ability to
impact situations.

2646
01:39:26,485 --> 01:39:28,150
So this would be
one example of

2647
01:39:28,150 --> 01:39:29,904
actually how
working with Power

2648
01:39:29,904 --> 01:39:31,030
through improvisational

2649
01:39:31,030 --> 01:39:32,440
methods can completely

2650
01:39:32,440 --> 01:39:34,015
change the landscape and

2651
01:39:34,015 --> 01:39:36,139
an, a real life story.

2652
01:39:36,780 --> 01:39:38,080
Right?

2653
01:39:38,080 --> 01:39:39,010
Thank you for that answer,

2654
01:39:39,010 --> 01:39:40,765
Barbara, Appreciate it.

2655
01:39:40,765 --> 01:39:42,819
Another question for Max.

2656
01:39:42,819 --> 01:39:44,589
Max in 2017 and 2020,

2657
01:39:44,589 --> 01:39:46,270
and we saw fires come into

2658
01:39:46,270 --> 01:39:48,234
the edges of
the metro area,

2659
01:39:48,234 --> 01:39:49,029
but they didn't get

2660
01:39:49,029 --> 01:39:50,500
particularly close
to downtown.

2661
01:39:50,500 --> 01:39:51,924
What do you think
the chances are that

2662
01:39:51,924 --> 01:39:54,009
urban forests of
downtown Portland could

2663
01:39:54,009 --> 01:39:55,299
catch fire in the future

2664
01:39:55,299 --> 01:39:56,559
given the drying effects of

2665
01:39:56,559 --> 01:39:59,770
climate change?
It's good question.

2666
01:39:59,770 --> 01:40:02,830
I think maybe we're
talking about Forest Park

2667
01:40:02,830 --> 01:40:03,939
here or or

2668
01:40:03,939 --> 01:40:05,350
other similar features

2669
01:40:05,350 --> 01:40:07,000
important in like that.

2670
01:40:07,000 --> 01:40:08,799
I think this September

2671
01:40:08,799 --> 01:40:10,119
shows us that that
we got pretty

2672
01:40:10,119 --> 01:40:11,889
lucky that we actually

2673
01:40:11,889 --> 01:40:13,840
didn't have an ignition

2674
01:40:13,840 --> 01:40:15,610
in Forest Park or in

2675
01:40:15,610 --> 01:40:18,685
other natural
areas like that,

2676
01:40:18,685 --> 01:40:21,770
either on the west side
or east side of town.

2677
01:40:22,080 --> 01:40:24,700
You know, what
we've seen from

2678
01:40:24,700 --> 01:40:26,349
other places across

2679
01:40:26,349 --> 01:40:27,879
the western and
other communities.

2680
01:40:27,879 --> 01:40:29,800
I mean, like I
said in my talk,

2681
01:40:29,800 --> 01:40:30,940
we haven't seen this kind

2682
01:40:30,940 --> 01:40:32,050
of fire that we experience

2683
01:40:32,050 --> 01:40:34,359
this fall to
the extent that

2684
01:40:34,359 --> 01:40:35,140
we've seen it since

2685
01:40:35,140 --> 01:40:37,000
the 1930s to fifties when,

2686
01:40:37,000 --> 01:40:39,609
when repeatedly
every few years,

2687
01:40:39,609 --> 01:40:41,019
but tell him Look, forest,

2688
01:40:41,019 --> 01:40:43,495
burned and burn
different areas

2689
01:40:43,495 --> 01:40:46,479
of it on a massive scale.

2690
01:40:46,479 --> 01:40:48,940
So the likelihood that

2691
01:40:48,940 --> 01:40:50,469
we'll see those kinds of

2692
01:40:50,469 --> 01:40:54,054
things happening more
often as possible.

2693
01:40:54,054 --> 01:40:56,095
With an increased warming,

2694
01:40:56,095 --> 01:40:57,699
with the extension
of the fire season

2695
01:40:57,699 --> 01:40:59,469
into the shoulders
where it's more likely

2696
01:40:59,469 --> 01:41:01,000
to interact with with

2697
01:41:01,000 --> 01:41:02,499
those conditions that bring

2698
01:41:02,499 --> 01:41:04,329
the extreme winds we saw.

2699
01:41:04,329 --> 01:41:05,784
Those winds are pretty

2700
01:41:05,784 --> 01:41:06,879
rare during the summer,

2701
01:41:06,879 --> 01:41:09,189
but as you get into
the shoulder seasons,

2702
01:41:09,189 --> 01:41:11,169
they get more common.

2703
01:41:11,169 --> 01:41:12,850
And then the other thing

2704
01:41:12,850 --> 01:41:13,884
I was thinking about is,

2705
01:41:13,884 --> 01:41:15,760
is just that when we look

2706
01:41:15,760 --> 01:41:18,579
at other urban fires
that we've seen across

2707
01:41:18,579 --> 01:41:20,770
the Western US is
often what happens

2708
01:41:20,770 --> 01:41:23,469
is you have a
wildfire that starts,

2709
01:41:23,469 --> 01:41:25,360
but it becomes
an urban fire.

2710
01:41:25,360 --> 01:41:26,919
And so, uh, you'll
see pictures.

2711
01:41:26,919 --> 01:41:29,350
I mean, you don't have
to Google vary far to

2712
01:41:29,350 --> 01:41:32,365
look at photos
of Paradise or,

2713
01:41:32,365 --> 01:41:35,395
or other communities in

2714
01:41:35,395 --> 01:41:38,350
Washington and
California and Colorado

2715
01:41:38,350 --> 01:41:41,380
and elsewhere where
the transmission

2716
01:41:41,380 --> 01:41:42,489
of the fire was not

2717
01:41:42,489 --> 01:41:44,620
in the fuels of
the landscape

2718
01:41:44,620 --> 01:41:46,929
or the yards or the
trees around it,

2719
01:41:46,929 --> 01:41:48,580
but it was from
home to home.

2720
01:41:48,580 --> 01:41:51,085
So the homes
became the fuel.

2721
01:41:51,085 --> 01:41:53,739
If you get into a
situation like that,

2722
01:41:53,739 --> 01:41:56,589
That's where an
ignition that starts in

2723
01:41:56,589 --> 01:41:57,895
Forest Park or in

2724
01:41:57,895 --> 01:41:59,635
Mount Taylor or
something like that,

2725
01:41:59,635 --> 01:42:01,810
suddenly becomes a
conflagration as

2726
01:42:01,810 --> 01:42:04,510
it as it starts
to move into the,

2727
01:42:04,510 --> 01:42:06,279
into the built environment

2728
01:42:06,279 --> 01:42:08,424
and the homes
become the fuel.

2729
01:42:08,424 --> 01:42:10,940
And that's a
scary prospect.

2730
01:42:12,480 --> 01:42:15,069
Very scary. Thank you, Max.

2731
01:42:15,069 --> 01:42:19,060
Yeah. Alright. Maybe a
follow-up to Fletcher.

2732
01:42:19,060 --> 01:42:20,260
Fletcher, could
you comment on

2733
01:42:20,260 --> 01:42:22,000
how well evacuation
routes are

2734
01:42:22,000 --> 01:42:24,129
maps for different parts
of the metro area,

2735
01:42:24,129 --> 01:42:25,570
for different types
of disasters.

2736
01:42:25,570 --> 01:42:27,099
And maybe how
this information

2737
01:42:27,099 --> 01:42:28,420
gets relayed to populations

2738
01:42:28,420 --> 01:42:30,069
in either different
parts of the city

2739
01:42:30,069 --> 01:42:33,289
or maybe in Max around
fire to the region.

2740
01:42:33,660 --> 01:42:35,619
Actually we're working with

2741
01:42:35,619 --> 01:42:36,700
the city right now and

2742
01:42:36,700 --> 01:42:38,769
updating our natural
hazard mitigation plan,

2743
01:42:38,769 --> 01:42:42,039
which we'll look
at some of this.

2744
01:42:42,039 --> 01:42:43,930
There's definitely like if

2745
01:42:43,930 --> 01:42:45,684
you remember the
map that I showed,

2746
01:42:45,684 --> 01:42:49,794
those like orange lines
represented at least.

2747
01:42:49,794 --> 01:42:51,969
Those are where
pee bottle clear

2748
01:42:51,969 --> 01:42:53,770
first and will be

2749
01:42:53,770 --> 01:42:55,255
the routes that you can

2750
01:42:55,255 --> 01:42:57,279
get out of the town first.

2751
01:42:57,279 --> 01:43:00,040
I mean, the short answer

2752
01:43:00,040 --> 01:43:02,589
is I don't think I
know there's plans.

2753
01:43:02,589 --> 01:43:04,989
I don't know if they're
widely communicated.

2754
01:43:04,989 --> 01:43:06,520
There's things called nets,

2755
01:43:06,520 --> 01:43:09,459
which are neighborhood
emergency teams,

2756
01:43:09,459 --> 01:43:11,140
which are this
amazing network

2757
01:43:11,140 --> 01:43:12,910
of people throughout
the city of Portland.

2758
01:43:12,910 --> 01:43:14,875
Maybe some people
here are nets on

2759
01:43:14,875 --> 01:43:16,600
that kind of show up during

2760
01:43:16,600 --> 01:43:18,864
disasters and help
get information out.

2761
01:43:18,864 --> 01:43:20,199
They also, I know have

2762
01:43:20,199 --> 01:43:22,225
some programming
that's proactive to,

2763
01:43:22,225 --> 01:43:23,289
to get people thinking

2764
01:43:23,289 --> 01:43:24,880
about some of these issues.

2765
01:43:24,880 --> 01:43:26,949
I know when I think
about something like

2766
01:43:26,949 --> 01:43:29,244
an earthquake though
9 earthquake,

2767
01:43:29,244 --> 01:43:32,665
it's, it's almost
kinda hard to imagine.

2768
01:43:32,665 --> 01:43:36,039
Like what, what
would happen.

2769
01:43:36,039 --> 01:43:37,314
I mean, you can
imagine it, but

2770
01:43:37,314 --> 01:43:38,799
the impact is so

2771
01:43:38,799 --> 01:43:44,170
extraordinary that
I'm sure there's,

2772
01:43:44,170 --> 01:43:45,040
there's thoughts about how

2773
01:43:45,040 --> 01:43:45,909
people should get out,

2774
01:43:45,909 --> 01:43:47,379
but I also think
it's almost

2775
01:43:47,379 --> 01:43:50,604
impossible to fully
plan for that on.

2776
01:43:50,604 --> 01:43:53,245
But I do know if
you look at like

2777
01:43:53,245 --> 01:43:55,270
the major arterials within

2778
01:43:55,270 --> 01:43:56,530
our city that P bought

2779
01:43:56,530 --> 01:43:58,570
would clear which
are on that map.

2780
01:43:58,570 --> 01:44:00,219
Those are going
to be the ones to

2781
01:44:00,219 --> 01:44:01,780
like to go for first.

2782
01:44:01,780 --> 01:44:03,640
They're going to definitely

2783
01:44:03,640 --> 01:44:06,639
look to get connections
and i5 as well.

2784
01:44:06,639 --> 01:44:07,690
If you have like

2785
01:44:07,690 --> 01:44:09,445
a subduction
zone earthquake,

2786
01:44:09,445 --> 01:44:11,620
the interstates going
to be a major priority.

2787
01:44:11,620 --> 01:44:12,850
I'll also so
they're looking

2788
01:44:12,850 --> 01:44:14,950
for kind of the city roads

2789
01:44:14,950 --> 01:44:16,479
that could feed into
that an interstate.

2790
01:44:16,479 --> 01:44:17,709
I do know Burnside there's

2791
01:44:17,709 --> 01:44:19,480
a major project on
Burnside as we think

2792
01:44:19,480 --> 01:44:21,609
about making sure that

2793
01:44:21,609 --> 01:44:24,145
bridge can stay up
during an earthquake.

2794
01:44:24,145 --> 01:44:25,659
So I believe the telecom

2795
01:44:25,659 --> 01:44:26,905
is the one that
actually has

2796
01:44:26,905 --> 01:44:28,390
seismic rating that could

2797
01:44:28,390 --> 01:44:29,529
withstand the sides

2798
01:44:29,529 --> 01:44:30,685
that respect we're
talking about.

2799
01:44:30,685 --> 01:44:31,900
But you can actually see

2800
01:44:31,900 --> 01:44:33,429
some banners on
Burnside right now

2801
01:44:33,429 --> 01:44:34,944
that talked about
that projects

2802
01:44:34,944 --> 01:44:36,204
on I forgot what
it's called,

2803
01:44:36,204 --> 01:44:39,189
something like the
future Burnside,

2804
01:44:39,189 --> 01:44:41,499
but it's about creating
that arterial so that

2805
01:44:41,499 --> 01:44:43,330
people have more ways

2806
01:44:43,330 --> 01:44:44,334
to move through the city.

2807
01:44:44,334 --> 01:44:46,225
The other kinda
fascinating thing too is,

2808
01:44:46,225 --> 01:44:47,800
I know one of our,

2809
01:44:47,800 --> 01:44:49,299
I believe it was
a merch, class.

2810
01:44:49,299 --> 01:44:51,190
Masses of Urban and
Regional Planning.

2811
01:44:51,190 --> 01:44:53,349
Did some planning
in neighborhoods

2812
01:44:53,349 --> 01:44:56,425
around like how bikes

2813
01:44:56,425 --> 01:44:58,135
could be utilized
in the disaster.

2814
01:44:58,135 --> 01:44:58,689
Which I think is

2815
01:44:58,689 --> 01:45:01,749
a really interesting
idea as well.

2816
01:45:01,749 --> 01:45:02,679
Because if you,
if you think

2817
01:45:02,679 --> 01:45:03,970
about a major disaster,

2818
01:45:03,970 --> 01:45:06,174
like it's going to be
hard for cars to move,

2819
01:45:06,174 --> 01:45:07,600
but it's going to be
easier for people to

2820
01:45:07,600 --> 01:45:09,535
get through those areas.

2821
01:45:09,535 --> 01:45:10,330
So you think about things

2822
01:45:10,330 --> 01:45:13,594
like like well, yeah.

2823
01:45:13,594 --> 01:45:14,889
So Woodbridge
the right would

2824
01:45:14,889 --> 01:45:16,750
also thank you, John.

2825
01:45:16,750 --> 01:45:18,565
Visit was just retrofitted.

2826
01:45:18,565 --> 01:45:19,569
But if you think about

2827
01:45:19,569 --> 01:45:20,470
things like e bikes are

2828
01:45:20,470 --> 01:45:21,939
really interesting
strategy for

2829
01:45:21,939 --> 01:45:24,085
transportation
during disaster.

2830
01:45:24,085 --> 01:45:25,540
Because you can probably go

2831
01:45:25,540 --> 01:45:27,009
further or further spaces

2832
01:45:27,009 --> 01:45:30,079
but are more nimble.

2833
01:45:30,440 --> 01:45:32,339
One of the things
that question,

2834
01:45:32,339 --> 01:45:33,660
but yeah, that was great.

2835
01:45:33,660 --> 01:45:35,444
Thank you, Fletcher.
Appreciate it.

2836
01:45:35,444 --> 01:45:37,350
Well, so you will take

2837
01:45:37,350 --> 01:45:38,550
a few more
questions tonight

2838
01:45:38,550 --> 01:45:39,929
for we let everyone go.

2839
01:45:39,929 --> 01:45:41,984
Barbara, I love your
concept of improv.

2840
01:45:41,984 --> 01:45:43,290
I worked as a
bartender server

2841
01:45:43,290 --> 01:45:44,400
for a decade and

2842
01:45:44,400 --> 01:45:45,600
it truly has saved me so

2843
01:45:45,600 --> 01:45:47,129
much inside and
outside of work.

2844
01:45:47,129 --> 01:45:48,600
But that being said,
how can someone

2845
01:45:48,600 --> 01:45:50,340
advocate for city
planning for

2846
01:45:50,340 --> 01:45:52,319
less appreciated
academic studies

2847
01:45:52,319 --> 01:45:54,404
and especially
specifically the arts,

2848
01:45:54,404 --> 01:45:55,889
pushing for their
availability

2849
01:45:55,889 --> 01:45:57,465
and less served
communities.

2850
01:45:57,465 --> 01:45:59,730
Well, it's a
wonderful question

2851
01:45:59,730 --> 01:46:00,840
and one of the
things that's

2852
01:46:00,840 --> 01:46:03,600
really valuable
about this modality

2853
01:46:03,600 --> 01:46:06,405
is you don't need any
resources to do it.

2854
01:46:06,405 --> 01:46:08,130
I've played activities and

2855
01:46:08,130 --> 01:46:08,999
games with people in

2856
01:46:08,999 --> 01:46:11,764
fields and under trees
and you know, it,

2857
01:46:11,764 --> 01:46:14,200
it's, it's, you
need is people

2858
01:46:14,200 --> 01:46:17,785
in the will and the
desire in time, right?

2859
01:46:17,785 --> 01:46:21,069
In terms of how

2860
01:46:21,069 --> 01:46:22,855
people use these
methods, right?

2861
01:46:22,855 --> 01:46:24,700
One of the things
that we find

2862
01:46:24,700 --> 01:46:26,590
more and more
and more is that

2863
01:46:26,590 --> 01:46:29,620
improvisation is
built on a mindset

2864
01:46:29,620 --> 01:46:33,699
of ensemble and
supporting one another.

2865
01:46:33,699 --> 01:46:35,259
And if we lived in a world

2866
01:46:35,259 --> 01:46:37,029
only where that
was our priority,

2867
01:46:37,029 --> 01:46:38,949
where we actually made

2868
01:46:38,949 --> 01:46:40,629
sure that we had
each other's backs

2869
01:46:40,629 --> 01:46:42,010
and that we thought about

2870
01:46:42,010 --> 01:46:43,179
the collective more than

2871
01:46:43,179 --> 01:46:44,650
we thought about
the individual.

2872
01:46:44,650 --> 01:46:46,719
That has all this are
already going to be

2873
01:46:46,719 --> 01:46:47,979
light years ahead of

2874
01:46:47,979 --> 01:46:49,270
a lot of what's
going on out there.

2875
01:46:49,270 --> 01:46:51,520
And in the organizations
that I work with,

2876
01:46:51,520 --> 01:46:54,114
It's hard to explain
how transform they are.

2877
01:46:54,114 --> 01:46:55,899
I work with people
who are working at

2878
01:46:55,899 --> 01:46:57,640
the White House
and people cores

2879
01:46:57,640 --> 01:46:59,890
setting policy
decisions and in

2880
01:46:59,890 --> 01:47:01,329
Sub-Saharan Africa and

2881
01:47:01,329 --> 01:47:03,234
Asia and Latin America.

2882
01:47:03,234 --> 01:47:04,569
And their ability to

2883
01:47:04,569 --> 01:47:06,130
work with their
communities is

2884
01:47:06,130 --> 01:47:08,860
transformed because
they're learning

2885
01:47:08,860 --> 01:47:11,440
different ways to
connect and be agile.

2886
01:47:11,440 --> 01:47:15,594
So it's, it's the
activity that I did.

2887
01:47:15,594 --> 01:47:17,320
You could do at
home with people,

2888
01:47:17,320 --> 01:47:19,869
have the right words

2889
01:47:19,869 --> 01:47:22,119
on a piece of paper
and practice.

2890
01:47:22,119 --> 01:47:26,559
It's just, it's a skill
and it seems trivial,

2891
01:47:26,559 --> 01:47:27,639
but it's actually not.

2892
01:47:27,639 --> 01:47:29,665
Our brains become rewired.

2893
01:47:29,665 --> 01:47:32,050
And the ability
to pivot when

2894
01:47:32,050 --> 01:47:36,980
real circumstances arise
is greatly enhanced.

2895
01:47:38,250 --> 01:47:41,275
Great response.
Thank you, Barbara.

2896
01:47:41,275 --> 01:47:44,589
With a series of
questions about PSUs,

2897
01:47:44,589 --> 01:47:45,609
emergency management and

2898
01:47:45,609 --> 01:47:47,575
community resilience
Certificate Program.

2899
01:47:47,575 --> 01:47:48,580
Since we had the director

2900
01:47:48,580 --> 01:47:49,360
here and we can drop

2901
01:47:49,360 --> 01:47:50,800
all that information
in the chat box

2902
01:47:50,800 --> 01:47:52,344
too, if we haven't already.

2903
01:47:52,344 --> 01:47:53,649
Maybe Jeremy, you could

2904
01:47:53,649 --> 01:47:54,730
tell little more about

2905
01:47:54,730 --> 01:47:57,069
that program and how
people can get involved.

2906
01:47:57,069 --> 01:47:58,959
Is it too late to
apply, et cetera.

2907
01:47:58,959 --> 01:48:00,730
Thanks for asking time.

2908
01:48:00,730 --> 01:48:03,249
Portland State is so
excited to announce

2909
01:48:03,249 --> 01:48:04,690
the new emergency
management and

2910
01:48:04,690 --> 01:48:07,525
community resilience
master's program,

2911
01:48:07,525 --> 01:48:09,610
graduate
certificate, as well

2912
01:48:09,610 --> 01:48:12,174
as non-degree
professional certificate.

2913
01:48:12,174 --> 01:48:14,170
So there's three
new programs

2914
01:48:14,170 --> 01:48:16,494
that Portland State is now

2915
01:48:16,494 --> 01:48:18,549
embarking on to respond to

2916
01:48:18,549 --> 01:48:20,169
this social and
environmental

2917
01:48:20,169 --> 01:48:21,880
moment that we're in.

2918
01:48:21,880 --> 01:48:25,540
The application for
the certificate,

2919
01:48:25,540 --> 01:48:27,190
the Graduate
Certificate and Masters

2920
01:48:27,190 --> 01:48:29,964
degree are open
until May 31st.

2921
01:48:29,964 --> 01:48:31,719
This is our first cohort

2922
01:48:31,719 --> 01:48:33,475
that we'll be
putting together.

2923
01:48:33,475 --> 01:48:36,520
That cohort consists
both of masters students

2924
01:48:36,520 --> 01:48:40,299
as well as graduate
certificate students.

2925
01:48:40,299 --> 01:48:43,025
A little bit more
about our program.

2926
01:48:43,025 --> 01:48:45,075
The goal of our
program as President,

2927
01:48:45,075 --> 01:48:46,755
he said at the
beginning of this talk

2928
01:48:46,755 --> 01:48:47,910
is to respond

2929
01:48:47,910 --> 01:48:51,510
to what is going
on now around us.

2930
01:48:51,510 --> 01:48:54,000
And at one time we
all felt it was

2931
01:48:54,000 --> 01:48:55,349
the Cascadia quake and

2932
01:48:55,349 --> 01:48:57,030
we needed to
respond to that.

2933
01:48:57,030 --> 01:48:58,500
And since then we've all

2934
01:48:58,500 --> 01:49:01,050
experienced the public
health emergency and

2935
01:49:01,050 --> 01:49:02,310
the wildfires that have hit

2936
01:49:02,310 --> 01:49:03,720
us in this region and have

2937
01:49:03,720 --> 01:49:05,039
realized that this is going

2938
01:49:05,039 --> 01:49:06,599
to happen more and more,

2939
01:49:06,599 --> 01:49:07,950
especially as we see

2940
01:49:07,950 --> 01:49:10,995
climate change induced
hazards happen to us,

2941
01:49:10,995 --> 01:49:13,260
like flooding, likely
we learned tonight,

2942
01:49:13,260 --> 01:49:15,750
and how much damage
that that can cause.

2943
01:49:15,750 --> 01:49:18,299
So our program
brought together

2944
01:49:18,299 --> 01:49:19,320
some of the brightest

2945
01:49:19,320 --> 01:49:20,504
minds at Portland State,

2946
01:49:20,504 --> 01:49:23,070
conducting research and
all different aspects

2947
01:49:23,070 --> 01:49:25,500
of the hazard in
disaster management.

2948
01:49:25,500 --> 01:49:27,149
And we will connect

2949
01:49:27,149 --> 01:49:28,710
with the practitioner
community.

2950
01:49:28,710 --> 01:49:30,810
So the goal is that
our students get

2951
01:49:30,810 --> 01:49:33,089
an interdisciplinary
education

2952
01:49:33,089 --> 01:49:35,535
from six different
disciplines,

2953
01:49:35,535 --> 01:49:37,440
which will be part
of the core of

2954
01:49:37,440 --> 01:49:40,094
both the master's
and certificate.

2955
01:49:40,094 --> 01:49:42,074
And from there
they'll also need

2956
01:49:42,074 --> 01:49:43,860
practitioners in
the community

2957
01:49:43,860 --> 01:49:45,509
doing these jobs in

2958
01:49:45,509 --> 01:49:47,850
this emerging field
as it happens,

2959
01:49:47,850 --> 01:49:49,620
so that folks
can jump-start

2960
01:49:49,620 --> 01:49:51,509
their careers
into this field.

2961
01:49:51,509 --> 01:49:53,520
We expect our
students to both be

2962
01:49:53,520 --> 01:49:55,559
folks who are
graduating now,

2963
01:49:55,559 --> 01:49:57,030
folks that feel they have

2964
01:49:57,030 --> 01:49:59,069
more professionalization
in this field

2965
01:49:59,069 --> 01:50:00,524
that they would
like to get.

2966
01:50:00,524 --> 01:50:02,040
Or folks that are
returning from

2967
01:50:02,040 --> 01:50:03,540
being out of school
for a while,

2968
01:50:03,540 --> 01:50:04,770
but would like to
get involved in

2969
01:50:04,770 --> 01:50:06,209
this timely and relevant

2970
01:50:06,209 --> 01:50:07,939
field as it's happening.

2971
01:50:07,939 --> 01:50:09,670
So we're really
excited to have

2972
01:50:09,670 --> 01:50:11,710
our first cohort this fall.

2973
01:50:11,710 --> 01:50:13,479
And from then ongoing

2974
01:50:13,479 --> 01:50:15,099
will have an
annual cycle of

2975
01:50:15,099 --> 01:50:18,549
admissions ending
May 31st every year,

2976
01:50:18,549 --> 01:50:20,050
both for the certificate

2977
01:50:20,050 --> 01:50:22,270
and the master's program.

2978
01:50:22,270 --> 01:50:24,429
Some of your faculty in

2979
01:50:24,429 --> 01:50:25,539
the emergency management

2980
01:50:25,539 --> 01:50:26,919
community
resilience program

2981
01:50:26,919 --> 01:50:29,514
are part of this
speaker series tonight.

2982
01:50:29,514 --> 01:50:31,660
And also there are
many faculty at

2983
01:50:31,660 --> 01:50:32,679
Portland State who do

2984
01:50:32,679 --> 01:50:34,584
research under
this umbrella.

2985
01:50:34,584 --> 01:50:36,130
And you'll be
hearing more and

2986
01:50:36,130 --> 01:50:38,124
more about the
resilience work,

2987
01:50:38,124 --> 01:50:39,910
especially how
Portland State

2988
01:50:39,910 --> 01:50:41,499
is positioning
itself to help us

2989
01:50:41,499 --> 01:50:43,660
recover from COVID and

2990
01:50:43,660 --> 01:50:45,654
our next steps and beyond.

2991
01:50:45,654 --> 01:50:47,770
Please check out
our websites.

2992
01:50:47,770 --> 01:50:49,270
They've been posted
in the chat,

2993
01:50:49,270 --> 01:50:50,829
both for the
master's program

2994
01:50:50,829 --> 01:50:52,554
and the graduate degree.

2995
01:50:52,554 --> 01:50:54,519
And pleased on, do
not hesitate to

2996
01:50:54,519 --> 01:50:55,299
reach out to me with

2997
01:50:55,299 --> 01:50:57,099
any questions
on the program.

2998
01:50:57,099 --> 01:50:58,570
I'll put my name in

2999
01:50:58,570 --> 01:51:00,370
the chat as
well. Thank you.

3000
01:51:00,370 --> 01:51:02,320
And I think Jeremy
had someone

3001
01:51:02,320 --> 01:51:03,399
else set of maybe
Fletcher, I mean,

3002
01:51:03,399 --> 01:51:05,560
I think is a great
example of PSU's motto,

3003
01:51:05,560 --> 01:51:06,985
Let knowledge
serve the city.

3004
01:51:06,985 --> 01:51:08,380
In terms of sort of how we

3005
01:51:08,380 --> 01:51:09,880
create educational programs

3006
01:51:09,880 --> 01:51:11,590
that really sort of feed

3007
01:51:11,590 --> 01:51:12,729
and give back to
the community.

3008
01:51:12,729 --> 01:51:14,710
So this is a great,
exciting program.

3009
01:51:14,710 --> 01:51:16,779
Absolutely. We're
trying to focus some of

3010
01:51:16,779 --> 01:51:17,830
our greatest strengths

3011
01:51:17,830 --> 01:51:19,149
that Portland State and

3012
01:51:19,149 --> 01:51:21,219
have those strengths
be articulated in

3013
01:51:21,219 --> 01:51:23,560
the community and
really relevant ways.

3014
01:51:23,560 --> 01:51:25,899
And at Portland
State serve locally,

3015
01:51:25,899 --> 01:51:28,180
regionally, nationally
and internationally

3016
01:51:28,180 --> 01:51:30,410
eventually with
this program.

3017
01:51:30,450 --> 01:51:33,309
Thanks for me while
I'm mindful of time.

3018
01:51:33,309 --> 01:51:34,209
So I have to kinda find

3019
01:51:34,209 --> 01:51:35,229
a more general questions.

3020
01:51:35,229 --> 01:51:36,579
I want to posting anyone on

3021
01:51:36,579 --> 01:51:37,420
the panel or all of

3022
01:51:37,420 --> 01:51:38,470
you that may
want to answer.

3023
01:51:38,470 --> 01:51:40,359
So let's let's
skip to those,

3024
01:51:40,359 --> 01:51:42,430
which is, one question was,

3025
01:51:42,430 --> 01:51:43,720
how do we
strengthen a sense

3026
01:51:43,720 --> 01:51:45,489
of community sharing and

3027
01:51:45,489 --> 01:51:47,769
collaboration in a culture

3028
01:51:47,769 --> 01:51:50,590
that highly values
individualism.

3029
01:51:50,590 --> 01:51:53,509
Who wants to go first?

3030
01:51:54,150 --> 01:51:56,365
I can give it a shot.

3031
01:51:56,365 --> 01:51:59,079
I think that's a very
important question.

3032
01:51:59,079 --> 01:52:02,109
And I think COVID
as reinforce

3033
01:52:02,109 --> 01:52:05,470
the idea that the
social side of things,

3034
01:52:05,470 --> 01:52:06,969
the community
side of things is

3035
01:52:06,969 --> 01:52:08,919
far more important than

3036
01:52:08,919 --> 01:52:11,380
the dwell approach that is

3037
01:52:11,380 --> 01:52:12,880
very much oriented and

3038
01:52:12,880 --> 01:52:14,994
Western philosophy
quite frankly,

3039
01:52:14,994 --> 01:52:17,080
in other societies,
people to not

3040
01:52:17,080 --> 01:52:19,119
necessarily reinforce
the idea of a dualism,

3041
01:52:19,119 --> 01:52:20,574
the idea of unity

3042
01:52:20,574 --> 01:52:22,449
in African communities,

3043
01:52:22,449 --> 01:52:23,424
indigenous communities.

3044
01:52:23,424 --> 01:52:24,789
This is what you see.

3045
01:52:24,789 --> 01:52:26,020
But of course, because of

3046
01:52:26,020 --> 01:52:28,389
colonial legacies
and ideas,

3047
01:52:28,389 --> 01:52:30,399
some of this in St.

3048
01:52:30,399 --> 01:52:31,840
Lucia and as also feuds

3049
01:52:31,840 --> 01:52:32,859
adding too many
communities,

3050
01:52:32,859 --> 01:52:34,944
including African,
Asian communities.

3051
01:52:34,944 --> 01:52:37,840
What we've seen
in this context,

3052
01:52:37,840 --> 01:52:39,279
particularly with
COVID, we're

3053
01:52:39,279 --> 01:52:40,614
realizing that
those social,

3054
01:52:40,614 --> 01:52:43,629
just being with people
in the presence of

3055
01:52:43,629 --> 01:52:45,520
a sharing needles
talking to

3056
01:52:45,520 --> 01:52:46,600
people who are in people is

3057
01:52:46,600 --> 01:52:47,965
far more important.

3058
01:52:47,965 --> 01:52:49,569
Now we've often
thought about in

3059
01:52:49,569 --> 01:52:51,355
that data often celebrated.

3060
01:52:51,355 --> 01:52:52,975
And I think one of
the things that

3061
01:52:52,975 --> 01:52:54,864
we might begin
to do thinking

3062
01:52:54,864 --> 01:52:56,410
going into the future is to

3063
01:52:56,410 --> 01:52:58,449
find ways to actually not

3064
01:52:58,449 --> 01:53:00,850
only incentivize this idea

3065
01:53:00,850 --> 01:53:02,619
of community building
two different things,

3066
01:53:02,619 --> 01:53:04,269
but I'll also
be worn in it.

3067
01:53:04,269 --> 01:53:05,739
So encouraged, encouraging

3068
01:53:05,739 --> 01:53:07,150
our children, for instance,

3069
01:53:07,150 --> 01:53:09,099
rewarding them when
they walk with groups,

3070
01:53:09,099 --> 01:53:10,390
when we walk in
small groups

3071
01:53:10,390 --> 01:53:11,694
and when to play
with friends.

3072
01:53:11,694 --> 01:53:13,090
But also even
within a universe,

3073
01:53:13,090 --> 01:53:14,890
the system when
people come together

3074
01:53:14,890 --> 01:53:16,749
to grant proposal,
write papers,

3075
01:53:16,749 --> 01:53:18,820
whatever, those things
should be rewarded and

3076
01:53:18,820 --> 01:53:21,219
far more celebrated
than the traditional,

3077
01:53:21,219 --> 01:53:22,824
which is a job paper.

3078
01:53:22,824 --> 01:53:24,235
Is it your book
or whatever?

3079
01:53:24,235 --> 01:53:25,180
And let's say not to

3080
01:53:25,180 --> 01:53:26,559
celebrate
individualism at all.

3081
01:53:26,559 --> 01:53:28,419
I'm just saying
that reinforced

3082
01:53:28,419 --> 01:53:29,709
in things that
makes people,

3083
01:53:29,709 --> 01:53:32,604
that incentivizes people
to walk together,

3084
01:53:32,604 --> 01:53:33,999
just like this
panel is doing.

3085
01:53:33,999 --> 01:53:35,290
Well, all come in
at the issue of

3086
01:53:35,290 --> 01:53:36,879
resilient from
multiple perspective.

3087
01:53:36,879 --> 01:53:37,599
And we're all in

3088
01:53:37,599 --> 01:53:39,040
between one
analyst knowledge.

3089
01:53:39,040 --> 01:53:40,119
And I think this is where

3090
01:53:40,119 --> 01:53:41,470
the future it needs to go.

3091
01:53:41,470 --> 01:53:42,040
And even when we're

3092
01:53:42,040 --> 01:53:43,435
thinking about
climate change,

3093
01:53:43,435 --> 01:53:44,589
we cannot do this

3094
01:53:44,589 --> 01:53:45,819
from an individual
perspective,

3095
01:53:45,819 --> 01:53:47,649
not single discipline kind

3096
01:53:47,649 --> 01:53:49,225
of resolve the problem,
climate change.

3097
01:53:49,225 --> 01:53:50,334
We need to begin to

3098
01:53:50,334 --> 01:53:52,284
reinforce those strategies.

3099
01:53:52,284 --> 01:53:54,130
Those with a
building teamwork,

3100
01:53:54,130 --> 01:53:54,609
those with

3101
01:53:54,609 --> 01:53:56,724
a building community
and local level

3102
01:53:56,724 --> 01:53:57,910
at is suddenly at

3103
01:53:57,910 --> 01:53:59,710
a national level and
at a global level.

3104
01:53:59,710 --> 01:54:01,509
So thank you for
asking that question.

3105
01:54:01,509 --> 01:54:02,829
I think it's an important

3106
01:54:02,829 --> 01:54:03,910
issue that we need to think

3107
01:54:03,910 --> 01:54:07,210
about and to find
ways to incentivize.

3108
01:54:07,210 --> 01:54:09,609
And wanted to add
to that Jolla,

3109
01:54:09,609 --> 01:54:11,515
that was a great
answer and it's,

3110
01:54:11,515 --> 01:54:13,509
it's both practice and

3111
01:54:13,509 --> 01:54:15,924
value and it's also
a mindset, right?

3112
01:54:15,924 --> 01:54:17,890
Is that what is
our mindset?

3113
01:54:17,890 --> 01:54:20,815
Do I have a mindset
that I am looking at,

3114
01:54:20,815 --> 01:54:22,420
how I'm going to
take care of you?

3115
01:54:22,420 --> 01:54:23,110
Or do I have

3116
01:54:23,110 --> 01:54:24,670
a mindset of how
I'm going to take

3117
01:54:24,670 --> 01:54:27,415
care of me As a society.

3118
01:54:27,415 --> 01:54:29,829
We are not going
to do okay,

3119
01:54:29,829 --> 01:54:31,660
if we're only thinking
about ourselves.

3120
01:54:31,660 --> 01:54:33,189
More ability to network,

3121
01:54:33,189 --> 01:54:35,050
our ability to support

3122
01:54:35,050 --> 01:54:36,279
each other during
a disaster,

3123
01:54:36,279 --> 01:54:37,780
ability to build
community or

3124
01:54:37,780 --> 01:54:39,310
ability to actually have

3125
01:54:39,310 --> 01:54:41,379
communication
channels or ability

3126
01:54:41,379 --> 01:54:44,020
to endure these stresses.

3127
01:54:44,020 --> 01:54:45,880
I mean, we can see,
right, as you've said,

3128
01:54:45,880 --> 01:54:47,770
that sense of isolation

3129
01:54:47,770 --> 01:54:49,360
and disconnection
that people are

3130
01:54:49,360 --> 01:54:51,399
feeling because of COVID is

3131
01:54:51,399 --> 01:54:53,800
absolutely
highlighting this need

3132
01:54:53,800 --> 01:54:55,165
for a mindset shift.

3133
01:54:55,165 --> 01:54:56,200
And even though we're

3134
01:54:56,200 --> 01:54:58,210
an individualistic
society, I mean,

3135
01:54:58,210 --> 01:54:59,829
one of the reasons
I felt so in

3136
01:54:59,829 --> 01:55:01,630
love with
improvisation is that,

3137
01:55:01,630 --> 01:55:03,129
that is the mindset

3138
01:55:03,129 --> 01:55:05,005
that I know when
I get on stage.

3139
01:55:05,005 --> 01:55:06,114
The other people there

3140
01:55:06,114 --> 01:55:07,720
are there to
take care of me.

3141
01:55:07,720 --> 01:55:09,189
They know that I'm

3142
01:55:09,189 --> 01:55:10,540
there to take care of them.

3143
01:55:10,540 --> 01:55:12,744
And that is the world
I want to live in it.

3144
01:55:12,744 --> 01:55:14,899
And I think it is possible

3145
01:55:14,910 --> 01:55:18,894
is also like there's
no other way.

3146
01:55:18,894 --> 01:55:21,129
Like we, we have,

3147
01:55:21,129 --> 01:55:24,309
like it's so stunning

3148
01:55:24,309 --> 01:55:26,379
how big the problems
are getting right?

3149
01:55:26,379 --> 01:55:28,599
And, and our ability

3150
01:55:28,599 --> 01:55:30,370
to publish more papers in

3151
01:55:30,370 --> 01:55:35,304
a hyper specific journal
is not helping book.

3152
01:55:35,304 --> 01:55:39,219
And I love jaws
response two of you

3153
01:55:39,219 --> 01:55:43,374
got it changed the way
that the game pays us.

3154
01:55:43,374 --> 01:55:44,409
Like, it's not

3155
01:55:44,409 --> 01:55:46,300
just an academia,
but everywhere.

3156
01:55:46,300 --> 01:55:47,770
I mean, I think
especially in like

3157
01:55:47,770 --> 01:55:50,095
if we're talking
about the US context,

3158
01:55:50,095 --> 01:55:52,930
It's, it's really
reinforced

3159
01:55:52,930 --> 01:55:54,295
by a lot of
systems here to,

3160
01:55:54,295 --> 01:55:56,919
to push out on your own.

3161
01:55:56,919 --> 01:55:58,779
I always remember this
quote from this one.

3162
01:55:58,779 --> 01:56:00,010
So there's like
women's leadership

3163
01:56:00,010 --> 01:56:01,089
thing couple of years back.

3164
01:56:01,089 --> 01:56:02,935
And this woman at one said,

3165
01:56:02,935 --> 01:56:05,349
I define success not
by how far ahead I am,

3166
01:56:05,349 --> 01:56:07,300
but by how many
people came with me.

3167
01:56:07,300 --> 01:56:08,769
And, but that's not how we

3168
01:56:08,769 --> 01:56:09,849
define success, right?

3169
01:56:09,849 --> 01:56:12,340
And how, for the
most part and like.

3170
01:56:12,340 --> 01:56:14,559
And it's like it's
being able to

3171
01:56:14,559 --> 01:56:16,464
actually give people like

3172
01:56:16,464 --> 01:56:18,130
the space in their life to

3173
01:56:18,130 --> 01:56:20,349
invest in
relationships and not

3174
01:56:20,349 --> 01:56:24,324
just fit relationships
in an extractive way.

3175
01:56:24,324 --> 01:56:26,890
But that's like it's,
it's, you know,

3176
01:56:26,890 --> 01:56:29,169
it's a thing that we
have to really work on,

3177
01:56:29,169 --> 01:56:31,060
but everything
that we've talked

3178
01:56:31,060 --> 01:56:33,489
about today comes
back to that.

3179
01:56:33,489 --> 01:56:35,260
I mean, you talk about
earthquakes in Nepal.

3180
01:56:35,260 --> 01:56:36,490
You talk to the work

3181
01:56:36,490 --> 01:56:37,540
that Joe is doing Manila.

3182
01:56:37,540 --> 01:56:38,650
You've talked about
improvisation,

3183
01:56:38,650 --> 01:56:40,989
talk about fires, like
it all comes to back,

3184
01:56:40,989 --> 01:56:42,669
back to like how
we work together

3185
01:56:42,669 --> 01:56:45,460
better towards these
collective outcomes.

3186
01:56:45,460 --> 01:56:46,029
They're not going to get

3187
01:56:46,029 --> 01:56:47,560
solved unless we do that.

3188
01:56:47,560 --> 01:56:50,170
And so I think it's
a fantastic question

3189
01:56:50,170 --> 01:56:51,640
because it is the work

3190
01:56:51,640 --> 01:56:53,124
that is the work ahead.

3191
01:56:53,124 --> 01:56:55,570
Yeah. Yeah. If I if I

3192
01:56:55,570 --> 01:56:56,770
could just add one

3193
01:56:56,770 --> 01:56:58,315
more thing on
the subject, is,

3194
01:56:58,315 --> 01:57:01,329
I think personally as
a species were born

3195
01:57:01,329 --> 01:57:02,874
to be collaborative and

3196
01:57:02,874 --> 01:57:04,120
to work in communities.

3197
01:57:04,120 --> 01:57:05,500
And that's our nature.

3198
01:57:05,500 --> 01:57:06,819
And, and we've created

3199
01:57:06,819 --> 01:57:08,169
these systems and
cultures that

3200
01:57:08,169 --> 01:57:11,109
have sort of reinforce

3201
01:57:11,109 --> 01:57:12,759
the value of individualism.

3202
01:57:12,759 --> 01:57:14,770
But, but I think,

3203
01:57:14,770 --> 01:57:16,435
you know, I was,

3204
01:57:16,435 --> 01:57:18,939
Fletcher just said about

3205
01:57:18,939 --> 01:57:20,770
developing the spaces that

3206
01:57:20,770 --> 01:57:22,930
invest in building
relationships.

3207
01:57:22,930 --> 01:57:24,070
And we see that, I mean,

3208
01:57:24,070 --> 01:57:25,749
in my field in and thinking

3209
01:57:25,749 --> 01:57:27,684
around wildfire
and communities.

3210
01:57:27,684 --> 01:57:29,469
We see that in
these community

3211
01:57:29,469 --> 01:57:31,974
fire organizations
that are,

3212
01:57:31,974 --> 01:57:33,579
that are being sprouting

3213
01:57:33,579 --> 01:57:35,169
up all over the place,

3214
01:57:35,169 --> 01:57:37,360
that are just bringing
people together.

3215
01:57:37,360 --> 01:57:38,890
It's a place of

3216
01:57:38,890 --> 01:57:41,530
convening around
the issue of fire.

3217
01:57:41,530 --> 01:57:42,789
And it brings
people together

3218
01:57:42,789 --> 01:57:44,080
from experts and

3219
01:57:44,080 --> 01:57:45,820
professionals from
the Forest Service

3220
01:57:45,820 --> 01:57:47,830
and the BLM and the state,

3221
01:57:47,830 --> 01:57:50,079
but also residents and

3222
01:57:50,079 --> 01:57:53,139
ranchers and farmers in,

3223
01:57:53,139 --> 01:57:55,689
you know,
multi-generational folks

3224
01:57:55,689 --> 01:57:57,070
who've lived in
the community

3225
01:57:57,070 --> 01:57:57,910
for a long time.

3226
01:57:57,910 --> 01:57:58,929
And it's putting them on

3227
01:57:58,929 --> 01:58:00,549
an equal playing field

3228
01:58:00,549 --> 01:58:01,960
in the community to say,

3229
01:58:01,960 --> 01:58:04,809
Hey, okay, What's
the problem here?

3230
01:58:04,809 --> 01:58:07,614
And how do we come
together to solve it?

3231
01:58:07,614 --> 01:58:10,629
And, and I think
in my experience,

3232
01:58:10,629 --> 01:58:12,430
we've seen that with
the Oregon plan

3233
01:58:12,430 --> 01:58:13,645
for salmon watersheds,

3234
01:58:13,645 --> 01:58:15,609
where we built
watershed councils as

3235
01:58:15,609 --> 01:58:16,600
a place to bring people

3236
01:58:16,600 --> 01:58:18,550
together on the same idea.

3237
01:58:18,550 --> 01:58:22,224
And, and I think,
you know, whatever.

3238
01:58:22,224 --> 01:58:23,649
I mean, not that it's

3239
01:58:23,649 --> 01:58:25,780
a panacea for
for everything.

3240
01:58:25,780 --> 01:58:27,820
But it starts there, right?

3241
01:58:27,820 --> 01:58:28,509
It starts with

3242
01:58:28,509 --> 01:58:29,679
those relationships
and there's

3243
01:58:29,679 --> 01:58:31,810
no playbook when you
start there, right?

3244
01:58:31,810 --> 01:58:33,399
When you get all these
people together from

3245
01:58:33,399 --> 01:58:36,250
different interests,
different perspectives.

3246
01:58:36,250 --> 01:58:37,224
There's no playbook,

3247
01:58:37,224 --> 01:58:39,369
It's all
improvisation, right?

3248
01:58:39,369 --> 01:58:41,604
You have to figure out
how to do it together.

3249
01:58:41,604 --> 01:58:44,950
Yeah. I just want
to add to that,

3250
01:58:44,950 --> 01:58:46,509
I completely agree
with everyone's

3251
01:58:46,509 --> 01:58:48,640
saying that in order

3252
01:58:48,640 --> 01:58:50,559
to have that equal
playing field that we're

3253
01:58:50,559 --> 01:58:52,704
talking about to
create community,

3254
01:58:52,704 --> 01:58:54,670
we need to recognize power

3255
01:58:54,670 --> 01:58:56,950
and we need to recognize
that some folks,

3256
01:58:56,950 --> 01:58:59,590
it's a privilege to
participate in community

3257
01:58:59,590 --> 01:59:03,700
sometimes or certain
forms of community.

3258
01:59:03,700 --> 01:59:07,210
We have an unbelievable
participation

3259
01:59:07,210 --> 01:59:09,070
and emergency
preparedness in Portland,

3260
01:59:09,070 --> 01:59:10,780
but it's not equal across

3261
01:59:10,780 --> 01:59:13,464
our population and
demographics at all.

3262
01:59:13,464 --> 01:59:15,354
And we need to think about

3263
01:59:15,354 --> 01:59:17,409
who is involved in
our communities

3264
01:59:17,409 --> 01:59:19,360
and maybe take steps in

3265
01:59:19,360 --> 01:59:21,774
order to make things
more equitable.

3266
01:59:21,774 --> 01:59:23,769
Because waiting
at the tables

3267
01:59:23,769 --> 01:59:25,509
not going to work either.

3268
01:59:25,509 --> 01:59:27,070
Had going through

3269
01:59:27,070 --> 01:59:28,780
disaster situations
has been

3270
01:59:28,780 --> 01:59:31,779
shown to create communities
of circumstance.

3271
01:59:31,779 --> 01:59:33,879
Folks that never had
anything in common

3272
01:59:33,879 --> 01:59:35,199
together might
have something in

3273
01:59:35,199 --> 01:59:36,774
common at that moment.

3274
01:59:36,774 --> 01:59:39,760
And we can cultivate

3275
01:59:39,760 --> 01:59:42,160
that moment through
more awareness

3276
01:59:42,160 --> 01:59:43,479
and understanding, I think,

3277
01:59:43,479 --> 01:59:45,940
which would help us
to work together more

3278
01:59:45,940 --> 01:59:47,080
later by showing us

3279
01:59:47,080 --> 01:59:48,819
an example of how to do it,

3280
01:59:48,819 --> 01:59:52,580
which I don't think
we exactly know yet.

3281
01:59:54,480 --> 01:59:57,115
Those are, those
are great answers.

3282
01:59:57,115 --> 01:59:58,524
And I want to be
mindful of time.

3283
01:59:58,524 --> 01:59:59,320
And I think that's gonna be

3284
01:59:59,320 --> 02:00:00,340
our last question
for tonight.

3285
02:00:00,340 --> 02:00:02,289
But I also I I have
to take a moment

3286
02:00:02,289 --> 02:00:03,340
to just say I'm reflecting

3287
02:00:03,340 --> 02:00:04,555
on all of your answers.

3288
02:00:04,555 --> 02:00:06,459
Again, as for
amazing faculty

3289
02:00:06,459 --> 02:00:08,110
in the College of Liberal
Arts and Sciences,

3290
02:00:08,110 --> 02:00:10,165
the home of
intersectionality and

3291
02:00:10,165 --> 02:00:12,159
interdisciplinarity
as we think about

3292
02:00:12,159 --> 02:00:13,059
putting those arts and

3293
02:00:13,059 --> 02:00:14,290
sciences approach together.

3294
02:00:14,290 --> 02:00:15,640
And so it gives me
a lot of hope for

3295
02:00:15,640 --> 02:00:17,380
the future to know
that we have now

3296
02:00:17,380 --> 02:00:18,460
these faculty that many

3297
02:00:18,460 --> 02:00:19,930
more who are committed

3298
02:00:19,930 --> 02:00:21,220
to making sure we

3299
02:00:21,220 --> 02:00:22,794
do our job in
higher education,

3300
02:00:22,794 --> 02:00:24,130
which is insert the next

3301
02:00:24,130 --> 02:00:25,479
generation of graduates,

3302
02:00:25,479 --> 02:00:27,010
graduate with these skills

3303
02:00:27,010 --> 02:00:28,479
and these knowledges
and these competencies.

3304
02:00:28,479 --> 02:00:29,800
That's a major, major

3305
02:00:29,800 --> 02:00:31,914
task and a huge gift
that we give the,

3306
02:00:31,914 --> 02:00:33,039
the city and the region.

3307
02:00:33,039 --> 02:00:35,350
So thank you all for
doing with that.

3308
02:00:35,350 --> 02:00:36,310
I just want to say thank

3309
02:00:36,310 --> 02:00:37,420
you all who participated.

3310
02:00:37,420 --> 02:00:39,070
Thanks once again
for our panelist was

3311
02:00:39,070 --> 02:00:41,529
another great Tegrity
series on resilience.

3312
02:00:41,529 --> 02:00:43,404
I hope you all had
a chance to learn

3313
02:00:43,404 --> 02:00:45,100
about what we're
doing here at

3314
02:00:45,100 --> 02:00:47,065
PSU and learn more
about this topic.

3315
02:00:47,065 --> 02:00:48,729
And we will have
another one

3316
02:00:48,729 --> 02:00:50,320
of these hopefully
coming up in spring.

3317
02:00:50,320 --> 02:00:51,190
With that, I hope you all

3318
02:00:51,190 --> 02:00:52,554
have a very safe tonight

3319
02:00:52,554 --> 02:00:54,070
and hopefully
you're already

3320
02:00:54,070 --> 02:00:55,824
home so you don't have
to drive home safely.

3321
02:00:55,824 --> 02:00:56,950
But that you are staying

3322
02:00:56,950 --> 02:00:58,239
warm and safe and healthy.

3323
02:00:58,239 --> 02:01:00,085
And I hope to see you
again soon. All right.

3324
02:01:00,085 --> 02:01:01,660
Thank you. Thank
you, everybody.

3325
02:01:01,660 --> 02:01:03,069
It's barely hear you.

3326
02:01:03,069 --> 02:01:04,419
Thank you. Thank you,

3327
02:01:04,419 --> 02:01:06,500
everyone. Thank
you for that.