Sponsor
The Partners PrEP study was supported by research grant (OOP47674) from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Gilead Sciences provided medication. This analysis was also supported by the National Institute of Mental Health and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers K23MH095655, K24MH87227, R21HD074439, K99HD076679, and R01MH095507.
Published In
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-2014
Subjects
HIV infections -- Prevention, HIV infections -- Treatment, HIV infections -- Sub-Saharan Africa -- Clinical trials, AIDS (Disease) -- Patients -- Pregnancy
Physical Description
7 pages
Abstract
Introduction: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may be an important safer conception strategy for HIV-1–uninfected women with HIV-1–infected partners. Understanding medication adherence in this population may inform whether PrEP is a feasible safer conception strategy.
Methods: We evaluated predictors of pregnancy and adherence to study medication among HIV-1–uninfected women enrolled in a randomized placebo-controlled trial of PrEP among African HIV-1– serodiscordant couples. Participants were counseled on HIV-1 risk reduction, contraception, and adherence and tested for pregnancy at monthly study visits. Pill counts of dispensed drug were performed and, at a subset of visits, plasma was collected to measure active drug concentration.
Results: Among 1785 women, pregnancy incidence was 10.2 per 100 person-years. Younger age, not using contraception, having an additional sexual partner, and reporting unprotected sex were associated with increased likelihood of pregnancy. Monthly clinic pill counts estimated that women experiencing pregnancy took 97% of prescribed doses overall, with at least 80% pill adherence for 98% of study months, and no difference in adherence in the periconception period compared with previous periods (P = 0.98). Tenofovir was detected in plasma at 71% of visits where pregnancy was discovered. By multiple measures, adherence was similar for women experiencing and not experiencing pregnancy (P ≥ 0.1).
Conclusions: In this clinical trial of PrEP, pregnancy incidence was 10% per year despite excellent access to effective contraception. Women experiencing pregnancy had high medication adherence, suggesting that PrEP may be an acceptable and feasible safer conception strategy for HIV-1–uninfected women with HIV-1–serodiscordant partners.
DOI
10.1097/QAI.0000000000000246
Persistent Identifier
http://archives.pdx.edu/ds/psu/18469
Publisher
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Citation Details
Matthews LT, Heffron R, Mugo NR, Cohen CR, Hendrix CW, Celum C, Bangsberg DR, Baeten JM. High Medication Adherence During Periconception Periods Among HIV-1-Uninfected Women Participating in a Clinical Trial of Antiretroviral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014 Sep 1; 67(1):91-97
Description
At the time of writing, David Bangsberg was affiliated with the Division of Infectious Disease and Center for Global Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; and the Division of Infectious Disease, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 License, where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially.
Originally appeared in Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, volume 67, number 1, published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Copyright © 2014 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins