Published In
Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-2022
Subjects
Local transit -- Fares -- Automation, Smart cities, Transportation -- Planning, Local transit accessibility
Abstract
Many transit agencies in the United States plan to automate their fare collection and limit–or even eliminate–the use of cash fares, with the goals of expediting boarding, collecting data, and lowering costs. Yet about 10% of US adults lack a bank account or credit card, and many rely on restrictive cellphone data plans or do not have access to the internet or a smartphone. These riders will find it difficult to access transit in the future. This paper examines transit users’ experiences with fare technologies using a survey of riders in three cities. Our analysis reveals which riders are most at risk of being excluded, and how mitigation strategies could work to overcome barriers to cash-less transit. We find that a significant number of riders (∼30%) currently use cash on-board buses. If on-board cash fares were to be removed, a significant share of these riders appear able to switch to other options, though many imagine they will continue to use cash in some way (e.g. at retail or ticket vending machines); a small number claim they would no longer be able to ride transit if on-board cash fares were removed. Older and lower-income riders are more at risk of exclusion as they often lack access to smartphones or the internet. A significant number rely on less dependable internet sources, such as public Wi-Fi, potentially inhibiting some from using smartphone and internet-based payment systems. Findings suggest approaches to reduce the number of riders excluded from transit during fare technology adoption.
Rights
Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Locate the Document
DOI
10.1016/j.trip.2022.100628
Persistent Identifier
https://archives.pdx.edu/ds/psu/39769
Citation Details
Golub, A., Brown, A., Brakewood, C., MacArthur, J., Lee, S., & Ziedan, A. (2022). Equity and exclusion issues in cashless fare payment systems for public transportation. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 15, 100628.