Sponsor
This project was supported by awards to M.M. from the Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Grant, the American Museum of Natural History, and the Forbes Lea Endowed Fund for Student Research, and to J.L.F. and G.R.H. from the USDA and National Science Foundation.
Published In
Ecology and Evolution
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
11-2015
Subjects
Insect-plant relationships, Insects -- Evolution, Insects -- Behavior
Abstract
Host shifts of phytophagous insect specialists to novel plants can result in divergent ecological adaptation, generating reproductive isolation and potentially new species. Rhagoletis pomonellafruit flies in eastern North America underwent a host shift ~160 ya from native downy hawthorn (Crataegus mollis) to introduced, domesticated apple (Malus domestica). Divergent selection on diapause phenology related to the earlier fruiting time of apples versus downy hawthorns resulted in partial allochronic reproductive isolation between the fly races. Here, we test for how rapid and repeatable shifts in life-history timing are driving ecological divergence of R. pomonella in the Pacific Northwestern USA. The fly was introduced into the region via larval-infested apples 40–65 ya and now attacks native black hawthorn (Crataegus douglasii) and introduced ornamental hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), in addition to early- and late-maturing apple varieties in the region. To investigate the life-history timing hypothesis, we used a field-based experiment to characterize the host-associated eclosion and flight activity patterns of adults, and the feeding times of larvae at a field site in Vancouver, Washington. We also assessed the degree to which differences in host-fruiting time generate allochronic isolation among apple-, black hawthorn-, and ornamental hawthorn-associated fly populations. We conclude that host-associated fly populations are temporally offset 24.4% to 92.6% in their seasonal distributions. Our results imply that R. pomonella possesses the capacity for rapid and repeatable shifts in diapause life history to match host-fruiting phenology, which can generate ecologically based reproductive isolation, and potentially biodiversity in the process.
DOI
10.1002/ece3.1826
Persistent Identifier
http://archives.pdx.edu/ds/psu/16504
Citation Details
Mattsson, Monte; Hood, Glen R.; Feder, Jeffery L.; and Ruedas, Luis A., "Rapid and Repeatable Shifts in Life-History Timing of Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae) Following Colonization of Novel Host Plants in the Pacific Northwestern United States" (2015). Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations. 105.
http://archives.pdx.edu/ds/psu/16504
Description
The article was published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) which allows users to copy, distribute and transmit an article, adapt the article and make commercial use of the article. The CC BY license permits commercial and non-commercial re-use of an open access article, as long as the author is properly attributed.
Copyright 2015 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.