Sponsor
This study was supported by NASA grant NAG5-4179 and by a NASA Graduate Student Fellowship in Global Change Research and subsequent U.S. National Research Council Research Associateship to C.L. Hulbe.
Published In
Journal of Glaciology
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-1-2000
Subjects
Climatic changes -- Antarctic regions, Climatic changes -- Antarctica, Glacial climates -- Antarctica, Ice sheets -- Antarctica, Ice shelves -- Effect of climatic change
Abstract
A review of in situ and remote-sensing data covering the ice shelves of the Antarctic Peninsula provides a series of characteristics closely associated with rapid shelf retreat: deeply embayed ice fronts; calving of myriad small elongate bergs in punctuated events; increasing flow speed; and the presence of melt ponds on the ice-shelf surface in the vicinity of the break-ups. As climate has warmed in the Antarctic Peninsula region, melt-season duration and the extent of ponding have increased. Most break-up events have occurred during longer melt seasons, suggesting that meltwater itself, not just warming, is responsible. Regions that show melting without pond formation are relatively unchanged. Melt ponds thus appear to be a robust harbinger of ice-shelf retreat. We use these observations to guide a model of ice-shelf flow and the effects of meltwater. Crevasses present in a region of surface ponding will likely fill to the brim with water. We hypothesize (building on Weertman (1973), Hughes (1983) and Van der Veen (1998)) that crevasse propagation by meltwater is the main mechanism by which ice shelves weaken and retreat. A thermodynamic finite-element model is used to evaluate ice flow and the strain field, and simple extensions of this model are used to investigate crack propagation by meltwater. The model results support the hypothesis.
DOI
10.3189/172756500781833043
Persistent Identifier
http://archives.pdx.edu/ds/psu/8441
Citation Details
Scambos, T. A., C. Hulbe, M. A. Fahnestock, and J. Bohlander. 2000. The Link Between Climate Warming and Break-Up of Ice Shelves in the Antarctic Peninsula. Journal of Glaciology 46(154): 516-530.
Description
Originally appeared in Journal of Glaciology, published by the International Glaciological Society. Article can be found at http://www.igsoc.org/journal/