Sponsor
Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health under award number 1R01A030351. Study data were collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture tools hosted at the Institute of Translational Health Sciences. REDCap at ITHS is supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number UL1 TR002319.
Published In
Injury Prevention
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2019
Subjects
Health care delivery, Opioid addiction -- Treatment
Abstract
Background Opioid overdose is a major and increasing cause of injury and death. There is an urgent need for interventions to reduce overdose events among high-risk persons.
Methods Adults at elevated risk for opioid overdose involving heroin or pharmaceutical opioids who had been cared for in an emergency department (ED) were randomised to overdose education combined with a brief behavioural intervention and take-home naloxone or usual care. Outcomes included: (1) time to first opioid overdose-related event resulting in medical attention or death using competing risks survival analysis; and (2) ED visit and hospitalisation rates, using negative binomial regression and adjusting for time at risk.
Results During the follow-up period, 24% of the 241 participants had at least one overdose event, 85% had one or more ED visits and 55% had at least one hospitalisation, with no significant differences between intervention and comparison groups. The instantaneous risk of an overdose event was not significantly lower for the intervention group (sub-HR: 0.83; 95% CI 0.49 to 1.40).
Discussion These null findings may be due in part to the severity of the population in terms of housing insecurity (70% impermanently housed), drug use, unemployment and acute healthcare issues. Given the high overdose and healthcare utilisation rates, more intensive interventions, such as direct referral and provision of housing and opioid agonist treatment medications, may be necessary to have a substantial impact on opioid overdoses for this high-acuity population in acute care settings.
Locate the Document
DOI
10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042676
Persistent Identifier
https://archives.pdx.edu/ds/psu/29425
Publisher
BMJ
Citation Details
Banta-Green, C. J., Coffin, P. O., Merrill, J. O., Sears, J. M., Dunn, C., Floyd, A. S., ... & Donovan, D. M. (2019). Impacts of an opioid overdose prevention intervention delivered subsequent to acute care. Injury prevention, 25(3), 191-198.
Description
Copyright information:
© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2019. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.