Development and Validation of the 22-item Tarumi's Modern-Type Depression Trait Scale: Avoidance of Social Roles, Complaint, and Low Self-Esteem (TACS-22)

Authors

Takahiro A. Kato, Kyushu University
Ryoko Katsuki, Kyushu University
Hiroaki Kubo, Kyushu University
Norihiro Shimokawa, Kyushu University
Mina Sato-Kasai, Kyushu University
Kohei Hayakawa, Kyushu University
Nobuki Kuwano, Kyushu University
Wakako Umene-Nakano, Kyushu University
Masaru Tateno, Sapporo Medical UniversityFollow
Daiki Setoyama, Kyushu University
Dongchan Kang, Kyushu University
Motoki Watabe, Monash UniversityFollow
Shinji Sakamoto, Nihon University
Alan R. Teo, OHSU-PSU School of Public HealthFollow
Shigenobu Kanba, Kyushu University

Sponsor

Innovative Areas ‘Will‐Dynamics’ of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan. Grant Number: JP16H06403 The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED). Grant Numbers: JP18dk0307075, JP18dm0107095 KAKENHI – the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Grant Numbers: JP15K15431, JP26713039, JP16H03741 SENSHIN Medical Research Foundation The JSPS Bilateral Joint Research Project between USA and Japan

Published In

Psychiatry And Clinical Neurosciences

Document Type

Citation

Publication Date

8-1-2019

Abstract

Understanding premorbid personality is important, especially when considering treatment selection. Historically, the premorbid personality of patients with major depression in Japan was described as Shuchaku‐kishitsu [similar to Typus melancholicus], as proposed by Shimoda in the 1930s. Since around 2000, there have been increased reports in Japan of young adults with depression who have had premorbid personality differing from the traditional type. In 2005, Tarumi termed this novel condition ‘dysthymic‐type depression,’ and more recently the condition has been called Shin‐gata/Gendai‐gata Utsu‐byo [modern‐type depression (MTD)]. We recently developed a semi‐structured diagnostic interview to evaluate MTD. Development of a tool that enables understanding of premorbid personality in a short time, especially at the early stage of treatment, is desirable. The object of this study was to develop a self‐report scale to evaluate the traits of MTD, and to assess the scale's psychometric properties, diagnostic accuracy, and biological validity.

Methods

A sample of 340 participants from clinical and community settings completed measures. Psychometric properties were assessed with factor analysis. Diagnostic accuracy of the MTD traits was compared against a semi‐structured interview.

Results

The questionnaire contained 22 items across three subscales, thus we termed it the 22‐item Tarumi's Modern‐Type Depression Trait Scale: Avoidance of Social Roles, Complaint, and Low Self‐Esteem (TACS‐22). Internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and convergent validity were all satisfactory. Among patients with major depression, the area under the curve was 0.757 (sensitivity of 63.1% and specificity of 82.9%) and the score was positively correlated with plasma tryptophan.

Conclusion

The TACS‐22 possessed adequate psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy in an initial sample of Japanese adults. Additional research on its ability to support clinical assessment of MTD is warranted.

Description

© 2019 The Authors. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology

Locate the Document

http://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12842

DOI

10.1111/pcn.12842

Persistent Identifier

https://archives.pdx.edu/ds/psu/30065

Citation Details

Kato, T. A., Katsuki, R., Kubo, H., Shimokawa, N., Sato-Kasai, M., Hayakawa, K., … Kanba, S. (2019). Development and validation of the 22-item Tarumi’s Modern-Type Depression Trait Scale: Avoidance of Social Roles, Complaint, and Low Self-Esteem (TACS-22). Psychiatry And Clinical Neurosciences, 73(8), 448–457.