Published In
BioScience
Document Type
Post-Print
Publication Date
8-2019
Subjects
Poisons -- Government policy -- United States, Poisons -- Law and legislation -- United States, Toxins -- Government policy -- United States, Toxins -- Law and legislation -- United States, Path dependency
Abstract
Over 40 years of regulations in the United States have failed to protect human and environmental health. We contend that these failures result from the flawed governance over the continued production, use, and disposal of toxic chemicals. To address this failure, we need to identify the broader social, political, and technological processes producing, knowing, and regulating toxic chemicals, collectively referred to as toxic chemical governance. To do so, we create a conceptual framework covering five key domains of governance: knowledge production, policy design, monitoring and enforcement, evaluation, and adjudication. Within each domain, social actors of varying power negotiate what constitutes acceptable risk, creating longer-term path dependencies in how they are addressed (or not). Using existing literature and five case studies, we discuss four paths for improving governance: evolving paradigms of harm, addressing bias in the knowledge base, making governance more equitable, and overcoming path dependency.
DOI
10.1093/biosci/biz065
Persistent Identifier
https://archives.pdx.edu/ds/psu/30201
Citation Details
Published as: Chiapella, A. M., Grabowski, Z. J., Rozance, M. A., Denton, A. D., Alattar, M. A., & Granek, E. F. (2019). Toxic Chemical Governance Failure in the United States: Key Lessons and Paths Forward. BioScience, 69(8), 615-630.
Description
This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in BioScience following peer review. The version of record Chiapella, A. M., Grabowski, Z. J., Rozance, M. A., Denton, A. D., Alattar, M. A., & Granek, E. F. (2019). Toxic Chemical Governance Failure in the United States: Key Lessons and Paths Forward. BioScience, 69(8), 615-630. is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz065.